人工智能的隐喻表明,人们越来越多地认为人工智能是温暖和类似人类的
Myra Cheng1, Angela Y Lee2,3, Kristina Rapuano4
1Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. myra@cs.stanford.edu.
Communications psychology
|January 9, 2026
概括
公众对人工智能 (AI) 的看法正在演变,人们认为人工智能在ChatGPT之后变得更像人类. 这些不断变化的AI观念在不同的人口统计数据中显著影响信任和采用率.
科学领域:
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
- 人与计算机的互动.
- 人工智能伦理学 人工智能伦理学
背景情况:
- 公众对人工智能 (AI) 的理解对于负责任的开发和采用至关重要.
- 传统的方法很难捕捉到公众对复杂人工智能系统的微妙态度.
- 对人工智能的看法不断变化会影响用户的信任,采用和对人工智能的理想社会角色.
研究的目的:
- 调查公众如何概念化人工智能 (AI).
- 分析AI观念的演变,特别是在ChatGPT引入之后.
- 确定公众对人工智能的看法与信任/采用率之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在12个月内从全国代表的美国样本收集了超过12,000个开放式比喻反应.
- 开发并应用了一个系统的框架,用于对比喻反应的定量分析.
- 研究了人工智能概念化中的人口变化及其对信任和采用的影响.
主要成果:
- 美国人认为人工智能是温暖而有能力的.
- 在ChatGPT引入后,对人工智能的人类相似性和温暖的归因显著增加.
- 人工智能对人工智能的看法强烈预测了人们对人工智能技术的信任和愿意,并观察到人口统计学方面的差异.
结论:
- 公众对人工智能的看法是动态的,并受到ChatGPT等近期技术进步的重大影响.
- 比喻分析提供了一种可扩展的方法来追踪对人工智能的微妙公众态度.
- 了解人工智能认知中的人口差异是解决公平的人工智能治理信任和采用差异的关键.
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