在急性冠状动脉综合征后的饮食
Vasiliki Katsi1, Marilena Giannoudi2, Vasilios G Kordalis3
1Cardiology Department, School of Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 72 Athens, Greece.
Nutrients
|January 10, 2026
概括
地中海饮食是急性冠状动脉综合征 (ACS) 后的二次预防的关键,在与最佳的医疗治疗和生活方式改变相结合时,可以改善心血管健康并降低死亡率.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学和心血管健康
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 急性冠状动脉综合征 (ACS) 包括心肌梗塞和不稳定的心痛.
- 最佳医疗疗法 (OMT) 是标准的,但生活方式干预,特别是饮食,在二次预防中未得到充分利用.
- 饮食修改显著影响ACS后的长期结果.
研究的目的:
- 审查ACS后饮食干预的证据.
- 评估实施,遵守和对风险因素和临床结果的影响.
- 为了确定ACS后患者的最佳饮食策略.
主要方法:
- 从2000年开始的研究叙事文献综述.
- 使用关键词搜索了PubMed:"急性冠状动脉综合征"",饮食"",心血管疾病"",结果"",坚持"",葡萄酒"",间歇性禁食".
- 不包括动物研究;最新的搜索是在2025年10月.
主要成果:
- 与OMT和生活方式变化的地中海饮食改善了风险因素,减少了复发事件和死亡率.
- 在心脏康复中遵守结构化饮食计划时观察到的长期益处.
- 其他饮食 (低脂肪,纤维,补充剂,间歇性禁食) 的证据有限;坚持仍然不理想.
- 初步数据表明,间歇性禁食和适度的红葡萄酒消费有好处.
结论:
- 饮食修改是ACS后二次预防的未充分利用但至关重要的部分.
- 与OMT和心脏康复相结合的地中海全食饮食是最有证据的战略.
- 未来的研究需要实用,对硬终点和坚持策略的长期试验.
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