整合性基因组和人工智能对肺癌的方法以及对前吸烟者的疾病预防的影响
Katya H Bénard1,2, Vanessa G P Souza1, Greg L Stewart1,2
1British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.
International journal of molecular sciences
|January 10, 2026
概括
即使在戒烟后,肺部的一些分子变化仍然存在,增加长期肺癌风险. 识别这些持续的变化是有针对性的预防和早期检测前吸烟者的关键.
科学领域:
- 基因组学和表观基因组学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 烟草吸烟是全球肺癌死亡的主要原因.
- 前吸烟者肺癌的很大一部分是在戒烟几年后发生的.
- 戒烟后持续癌症风险的机制尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了区分吸烟引起的持久性和非持久性分子变化.
- 综合基因组,表观基因组和转录基因组研究的发现.
- 澄清前吸烟者长期癌症风险的分子驱动因素.
主要方法:
- 对气道和肺组织的纵向和横截面研究的综述.
- 对基因组,表观基因组和转录基因组数据的分析.
- 整合多主题分析和人工智能.
主要成果:
- 持续的变化包括体质突变 (例如TP53,KRAS),DNA甲基化变化,失调的非编码RNA,染色体不稳定性和表观遗传年龄加速.
- 不持久的变化,如炎症和解毒路径,通常在几年内消失.
- 多omics数据表明,在前吸烟者中,现场癌症化模式存在.
结论:
- 特定的分子变化持续长期,在戒烟后维持癌症风险.
- 了解这些持续的变化对于精确的预防策略至关重要.
- 与人工智能的整合可能使风险分层化,并为高风险的前吸烟者提供化学预防信息.
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