基于声学特征的电机轴承传动系统故障诊断
Long Ma1, Yan Zhang1, Zhongqiu Wang2
1China Coal Technology & Engineering Group (CCTEG) Shenyang Research Institute, Shenyang 113122, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 10, 2026
概括
本研究介绍了一种非接触式声学方法,用于使用CNN-注意力-LSTM模型进行轴承故障诊断. 该方法达到99.90%的准确性,为传统的振动分析提供了有效的替代方案.
科学领域:
- 机械工程 机械工程
- 信号处理 信号处理
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 传统的轴承故障诊断依赖于基于接触的振动分析,但这有局限性.
- 声信号提供非接触式传感和丰富的宽带信息,提供了替代的诊断方法.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证使用声学特征和深度学习的轴承的非接触故障诊断框架.
- 通过特征选择提高模型效率,同时保持高诊断准确度.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个CNN-注意力-LSTM模型来处理声学特征,特别是Mel频率 cepstral系数 (MFCC).
- 该模型包含1D-CNN用于局部特征提取,ECA注意力机制用于特征增强,以及LSTM用于时间依赖性捕获.
- 使用基于ReliefF的特征选择算法来减少模型的复杂性和提高效率.
主要成果:
- 拟议的框架实现了正常,内环,外环和混合缺陷轴承的平均诊断准确率为99.90%.
- 特征选择显著减少了模型参数和尺寸的数量,而不会影响诊断准确度.
- 该研究表明,声信号对于非接触式轴承故障诊断的有效性.
结论:
- 开发的基于声学的深度学习框架为轴承故障诊断提供了高度准确和高效的非接触式解决方案.
- 整合特征选择可以提高模型的效率,使其适合工业应用.
- 这项研究证实了声学分析的潜力,作为一种优越的替代传统基于振动的方法.
相关概念视频
Bearings: Problem Solving
471
Understanding the calculations and concepts related to double-collar bearings is essential for engineers and designers to optimize the performance of these components in various applications. By analyzing the bearing under different conditions, one can ensure that it can withstand the forces and moments experienced during operation. This knowledge enables better decision-making when designing and selecting bearings for specific purposes and configurations. Consider a double-collar bearing with...
471
Transmission Shafts: Problem Solving
481
Designing a solid shaft that transmits power from a motor to a machine tool involves a series of calculations to ensure the shaft can withstand the stresses applied by bending moments and torques. First, calculate the torque exerted on the gear, considering the power transmitted by the shaft and its rotational speed. Following this, compute the tangential forces acting on the gears, which directly relate to the torque and the gear radius.
Next, use bending moment diagrams for the shaft to...
Next, use bending moment diagrams for the shaft to...
481
Design of Transmission Shafts
731
The design of a transmission shaft is governed by two primary specifications: the power it transmits and its rotational speed. These parameters guide the selection of the shaft's material and cross-sectional dimensions, ensuring that the material's maximum shearing stress remains within the elastic limit while transmitting the desired power at the given speed. The system's power is intrinsically linked to the applied torque. The torque applied to the shaft can be calculated by reconfiguring the...
731
Design of Transmission Shafts - Stress Analysis
705
Designing a transmission shaft requires a thorough understanding of the stresses induced by bending moments and torques, especially in systems where power is transferred through gears. These forces create force-couple systems at the centers of the shaft's cross-sections, leading to both transverse and torsional loading. Although shearing stresses from transverse loads are typically smaller than those from torques and are often overlooked, the significant normal stresses from these loads...
705
Journal Bearings
1.1K
Journal bearings are mechanical components that support and provide lateral stability to rotating shafts and axles. They are crucial in reducing friction, wear, and vibration in machinery such as engines, turbines, and pumps. The principle behind journal bearings is forming a thin lubricant film between the bearing surface and the rotating shaft, which minimizes direct contact and reduces frictional forces.
To better understand the concept of journal bearings, consider a rope winch with dry or...
To better understand the concept of journal bearings, consider a rope winch with dry or...
1.1K
Design Example: Deciding Thickness of Lubricating Fluid in a Shaft
325
Effective lubrication between a rotating shaft and its bearing housing is essential in rotating machinery to minimize friction, wear, and energy loss. With carefully controlled thickness and viscosity, the lubricant layer prevents metal-to-metal contact, ensuring smooth operation.
To calculate the required thickness of the lubricant layer, the tangential velocity at the shaft's surface must first be determined. This velocity is calculated by converting the rotational speed to angular velocity...
To calculate the required thickness of the lubricant layer, the tangential velocity at the shaft's surface must first be determined. This velocity is calculated by converting the rotational speed to angular velocity...
325


