在拉脱维亚的14个重症监护病房进行了为期六个月的护理工作量观察研究,使用护理活动得分
Olga Cerela-Boltunova1, Inga Millere1
1Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Riga Stradiņš University, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 10, 2026
概括
拉脱维亚的重症监护病房 (ICU) 经历了高护理工作量,人员短缺与患者护理需求密切相关. 实施工作负载监控对于更好的员工规划和患者安全至关重要.
科学领域:
- 护理 护理 护理
- 医疗保健管理的管理
- 患者安全 患者安全
背景情况:
- 重症监护病房 (ICU) 面临高护理工作量和人员短缺,影响患者的安全和可持续性.
- 拉脱维亚缺乏关于ICU护理工作量的国家数据,这阻碍了有效的劳动力规划.
- 这项研究解决了对拉脱维亚ICU护理工作量和人员充足性的定量评估的需求.
研究的目的:
- 用护理活动得分 (NAS) 量化评估拉脱维亚ICU的护理工作量.
- 评估护理工作量 (NAS) 与拉脱维亚ICU的人员充足度之间的关系.
- 为基于证据的劳动力规划提供数据,并提高患者安全.
主要方法:
- 在拉脱维亚的14个ICU中进行了6个月的前性多中心观察研究.
- 在12小时班次中使用护理活动得分 (NAS) 测量护理工作量.
- 使用描述性统计,推理测试,混合效应建模和回归分析分析了28079个NAS观测的分析.
主要成果:
- 平均NAS为65.45,表示每名患者每天平均15.71个护理小时.
- 在白天和夜间班次中观察到高且一致的工作负载,其中2级ICU显示最高的工作负载.
- 通过NAS值强烈预测了42.6%的护理人员短缺率 (R2 = 0.115).
结论:
- 拉脱维亚的ICU表现出持续高且分布不均的护理工作量.
- 目前的员工数量不足以满足实际的患者护理需求.
- 将基于NAS的工作量监控集成到人员配置模型中,对于基于证据的劳动力规划,患者安全和护士福祉至关重要.
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