低脂肪切达奶酪影响肠道微生物群的组成和人类微生物群相关的小鼠的多样性
Si Lu1, Mairui Gao1, Deepa Kuttappan1
1Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 10, 2026
概括
低脂肪切达奶酪的消费对人类微生物群相关的小鼠模型中的肠道微生物群产生了积极的影响. 这种全食物干预增加了微生物多样性和改变了细菌组成,表明了潜在的健康益处.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 奶酪是一种发酵的乳制品,具有影响宿主生理学的生物活性成分.
- 现有的健康影响数据通常依赖于观察性研究或孤立的奶酪成分,而不是全食.
- 肠道微生物群在宿主健康中起着至关重要的作用,并受到饮食的影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究全脂低脂切达奶酪对肠道微生物群的影响.
- 使用人类微生物群相关的 (HMA) 鼠标模型来评估饮食干预措施.
- 了解奶酪作为整个食物矩阵如何影响微生物的组成和多样性.
主要方法:
- 没有细菌的小鼠被人类便微生物群殖民,以建立HMA模型.
- 在6周的时间里,小鼠接受了对照饮食或补充了7.5%低脂肪切达奶酪的饮食.
- 用16S rRNA基因安普利康序列测序分析便样本,以评估微生物变化.
主要成果:
- 在HMA小鼠中成功建立了稳定的,类似人类的肠道微生物群.
- 补充奶酪显著增加了α多样性 (香农和Chao1指数).
- 微生物的组成发生了变化,显示出 *Firmicutes* 的增加和 *Bacteroidetes* 的减少,以及 *Lactococcus* 和 *Streptococcus* 属的丰富.
结论:
- 低脂切达奶酪,作为一种整体食品,在小鼠模型中有益地影响人类衍生的肠道微生物群.
- 观察到的微生物变化表明,奶酪消费对健康有潜在的益处.
- 需要进一步的临床研究来证实这些发现在人类群体中.
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