儿童工作记忆训练中各种活动的结果:随机对照试验
Caitlin Hrysanidis1, Peter J Anderson1,2,3,4, Regine Cassandra Lau1
1School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Developmental science
|January 10, 2026
概括
将更多的活动添加到认知训练中并没有改善儿童的工作记忆. 这项研究没有发现任何证据表明,各种认知训练最大限度地提高了儿童的益处.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 认知训练通常被认为在多样化的活动中更有效.
- 这种假设尚未在儿童中得到系统评估.
- 工作记忆训练是用于认知增强的常见干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 调查工作记忆训练中增加各种活动的数量是否能提高小学儿童的认知效益.
- 为了比较工作记忆训练的有效性与两个,四个或六个不同的活动与一个活跃的对照组.
主要方法:
- 一项随机对照试验,涉及197名澳大利亚小学儿童 (2-5年级).
- 在Minecraft教育版中,每天提供2周的干预.
- 工作记忆训练 (向后跨度,遵循指示) 与不同的活动与创造性世界建设 (主动控制) 相比.
- 结果措施评估了工作记忆,推理和注意力缺失在基线,干预后立即,以及3个月的随访.
主要成果:
- 在任何工作记忆训练条件 (两个,四个或六个活动) 和主动对照组之间没有发现显著差异.
- 这些结果适用于近距离,中等距离和远距离转移的测量,无论是立即的还是3个月后续的.
- 多种活动的数量没有影响认知训练的有效性.
结论:
- 这项研究没有提供证据表明,在认知训练中增加各种活动对儿童的益处最大化.
- 研究结果表明,对于儿童的认知训练来说,各种活动的优越性可能是毫无根据的.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索为儿科患者群体设计最佳的认知训练设计.
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