过去20年胸部瘤学基础科学的进步及其转化影响
Michele Carbone1, Christopher Amos2, Richard L Attanoos3
1Thoracic Oncology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii; Università Magna Græcia, Scuola di Medicina, Anatomia Patologica, Catanzaro, Italy.
概括
胸部瘤学的进步揭示了肺癌,中皮瘤和胸瘤具有不同的遗传特征. 根据基因洞察力和生物标志物 (如编程死亡链接1) 引导的定制疗法,正在改善诊断,预后和治疗结果.
科学领域:
- 胸部瘤学 胸部瘤学
- 翻译癌症研究 翻译癌症研究
- 医学遗传学 医学遗传学
背景情况:
- 肺癌,中瘤和胸膜上皮瘤表现出显著的异质性.
- 遗传倾向和分子变化在癌症的发展和进展中起着至关重要的作用.
- 传统的传统传统的传统
- 一个适合所有人的尺寸.
- 治疗方法越来越多地被个性化策略所取代.
研究的目的:
- 总结2005-2025年肺癌,中皮瘤和胸膜上皮恶性瘤的诊断,预后和治疗方面的进展.
- 突出基础科学发现对胸部瘤学临床实践的影响.
- 强调转向基于瘤生物学和患者遗传学的定制治疗策略的转变.
主要方法:
- 对胸部瘤学进展的多学科专家共识的审查.
- 对翻译研究的分析,将基础科学发现纳入临床应用.
- 检查与癌症亚型和治疗反应相关的遗传和免疫分析.
主要成果:
- 肺癌的分类现在承认不同的组织学,免疫和基因组亚型,影响预后和治疗.
- 编程死亡配体1 (PD-L1) 水平作为导向免疫疗法的免疫生物标志物.
- 胚胎基因检测可以识别患有遗传性肺癌和特定间皮瘤变异风险的个体,从而实现有针对性的查和治疗.
结论:
- 基于分子和遗传洞察力的个性化治疗方法正在改变肺癌和间皮瘤治疗.
- 针对具有遗传倾向的个体的查计划可以促进早期检测并改善结果.
- 虽然胸膜瘤的进展不那么明显,但新兴的生物学见解正在导致新的干预措施.
相关概念视频
Targeted Cancer Therapies
8.6K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
8.6K
Cancer Therapies
9.8K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
9.8K

