[食道癌患者的营养能力和营养状况的评估]
Tamás Vass1, János Silvas2, András Herczeg1
11 Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Sebészeti, Transzplantációs és Gasztroenterológiai Klinika 1082 Budapest, Üllői út 78. Magyarország.
Orvosi hetilap
|January 11, 2026
概括
匈牙利食道癌患者由于晚期诊断和显著的体重减轻而面临着糟糕的生存率. 早期发现吞困难和营养风险对于改善结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 食道癌的全球5年生存率很低,在匈牙利 (7%) 显著下降,因为检测和治疗迟到.
- 在匈牙利患者中,晚期诊断有助于延迟瘤治疗的开始,影响生存率.
研究的目的:
- 评估诊断时匈牙利食道癌患者的一般和营养状况.
- 了解营养状况和营养能力对患者生存的影响.
- 将匈牙利患者的病情与国际数据进行比较.
主要方法:
- 对183名食道癌患者的回顾性数据分析.
- 从2006年至2021年期间在塞梅尔维斯大学接受治疗的患者收集的数据.
- 评估一般和营养状况,包括减肥和消化不良.
主要成果:
- 在失消症的严重程度,症状持续时间和减肥程度之间发现了显著的相关性.
- 体重减轻的程度和失症进展的速度显著影响了整体存活率.
- 体重超过10公斤的患者的生存时间不到一半 (560天),而体重较少 (1347天) 的患者的生存时间不到一半 (560天).
- 快速的消化不良进展导致较短的生存时间 (413天) 与缓慢的进展 (1138天).
结论:
- 与国际基准相比,匈牙利食道癌症患者的病情明显恶化.
- 多因素问题导致结果不佳,需要改善公共卫生,初级保健和专业治疗.
- 早期发现吞困难,营养风险和及时干预对于提高生存率至关重要.
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