患有慢性身体疾病的儿童中精神病理学的开始
Melissa Elgie1, Jennifer Yessis1, Dillon T Browne2
1School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
许多患有慢性身体疾病 (CPI) 的儿童会发展出精神病理. 更大的残疾,年龄较大和年轻的父母增加了内化风险,而男性性别和父母精神病理增加了外化风险.
科学领域:
- 儿科心理学 儿科心理学
- 儿童精神病学 儿童精神病学
- 纵向健康研究 纵向健康研究
背景情况:
- 患有慢性身体疾病 (CPI) 的儿童面临患上精神病理的风险增加.
- 现有的关于这种人群中精神病理发病的研究是有限的,通常是疾病特异性的.
- 这项研究调查了48个月的CPI儿童内化和外化精神病理的发病和贡献因素.
研究的目的:
- 检查CPI儿童内化和外化精神病理发病的发生率和时间.
- 确定与这些精神病理的发展相关的预测因素.
- 为患有CPI的弱势儿童提供有针对性的干预和支持.
主要方法:
- 一项纵向研究涉及263名儿童 (年龄在2-16岁) 与CPI及其父母.
- 父母报告的儿童和青少年迷你国际神经精神病学面试用于识别精神病理发病.
- 卡普兰-梅尔生存分析和考克斯回归模型被用于分析发病和预测因素.
主要成果:
- 在这项研究中,显著多数 (64.1%) 的儿童经历了心理病理的内化或外化.
- 内化心理病理的平均发病时间约为20.4个月,外化心理病理的平均发病时间约为18.1个月.
- 心理病理内部化的预测因素包括更大的残疾,年龄较大和父母年龄较小. 男性性别和更高的父母精神病理学预测了外部化精神病理学.
结论:
- 很大一部分患有CPI的儿童发展出精神病理,突出显示了对心理健康支持的急需.
- 特定的子组,如那些有更大的残疾或父母精神病理的人,面临更高的风险.
- 建议对患有CPI的儿童进行例行心理健康查,以促进他们的整体健康.
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