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Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis01:25

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated...
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DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
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Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration...
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DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
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使用深度学习方法的糖尿病视网膜病变检测和分级系统.

D Siva Sundhara Raja1, S Kumarganesh2, K Martin Sagayam3

  • 1Department of ECE, SACS MAVMM Engineering College, Madurai, India.

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概括

使用视网膜图像自动细分的糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR) 的早期查有助于预防视力丧失. 本研究提出了一种新的计算机辅助方法,通过分析黄斑区域的排泄物来对DR进行分类.

关键词:
糖尿病视网膜病变 - 糖尿病视网膜病变排泄物是排泄出来的马库拉地区 马库拉地区视力损失 视力损失

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科学领域:

  • 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
  • 医疗成像医学成像
  • 计算机视觉 计算机视觉

背景情况:

  • 糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR) 是糖尿病患者视力丧失的主要原因.
  • 早期检测和查对于预防不可逆转的视力损伤至关重要.
  • 计算机辅助诊断为有效的DR查提供了一个有希望的方法.

研究的目的:

  • 开发和评估计算机辅助系统,用于糖尿病视网膜病变的细分和分类.
  • 为了准确地细分黄斑区域和排泄物在视网膜图像中进行DR分析.
  • 根据排泄物的存在和程度来分类DR严重程度 (轻度,中度,严重).

主要方法:

  • 采用比特平面形态切片用于斑点区域细分.
  • 利用U-Net深度学习用于视网膜图像中的排泄物细分.
  • 在MESSIDOR和HRF数据集上验证的方法,在DIARETDB1,RFMD和FIR数据集上进行进一步的测试.

主要成果:

  • 在黄斑区域实现了高细分精度 (例如,在HRF上99.8%的AccI).
  • 证明了出色的排泄物细分性能 (例如,MESSIDOR上的99.2%的AccI).
  • 拟议的方法通过定位内部和外部边界来提高细分精度.

结论:

  • 开发的方法提供了斑点区域和排泄物的准确和高效的细分.
  • 计算机辅助的方法使得DR的分类具有很高的精度.
  • 这种技术显示出改善早期DR查和诊断的潜力,减少视力丧失.