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多个大脑激活模式是成年人一生中成功的视觉短期记忆的基础
Michelle G Jansen1, Alireza Salami2,3,4,5,6, Fernando Ruiz Martínez1
1Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)
|January 12, 2026
概括
大脑退化允许多个激活模式用于认知任务. 这项研究发现,四个小组使用不同的大脑网络进行视觉短期记忆,显示了认知策略的个体差异.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
背景情况:
- 认知任务的执行依赖于大脑活动,而大脑退化允许多个神经模式实现类似的结果.
- 了解认知任务期间大脑激活的个体差异对于了解整个寿命的大脑功能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在成年人一生中,在视觉短期记忆 (VSTM) 任务中调查大脑退化.
- 根据他们与VSTM相关的大脑激活模式,识别不同的参与者子组.
- 探索大脑结构性质的个体差异如何与这些激活模式有关.
主要方法:
- 使用了Cam-CAN研究中的113名参与者 (23-87岁) 的横截面设计.
- 在VSTM任务期间,应用了隐性配置分析,以根据7个已识别的大脑模块在VSTM任务期间的激活来确定子组.
- 检查了大脑活动,任务执行和白质完整性 (无状囊) 之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 确定了四个不同的参与者子组,其特点是大脑模块的不同招募模式,特别是前部控制模块 (FCM).
- 在各子组的人口统计或VSTM任务绩效方面没有发现显著差异.
- 观察到脑活动和各个子组的表现之间存在不同的关联,特别是在FCM内,以及白质完整性的差异.
结论:
- 在VSTM任务中,个体表现出不同的大脑激活模式和认知策略,说明大脑退化.
- 大脑结构完整性的个体差异,例如白质的特性,可能会影响这些多样化的神经招募模式.
- 这项研究增强了对多个大脑激活模式如何在成年人一生中支持认知表现的理解.
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