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Updated: Jan 13, 2026

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母亲使用荷尔蒙避孕药和儿童癌症风险:系统性审查和元分析
Sif E Carlsen1, Emily Jarden1, Caroline H Hemmingsen1
1Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Institute, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
European journal of epidemiology
|January 12, 2026
概括
母亲使用荷尔蒙避孕药可能会增加儿童癌症的风险,特别是白血病. 当暴露发生在怀孕期间时,风险更高,因此需要对特定物质和时间进行进一步调查.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 儿科瘤学 儿科瘤学
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
背景情况:
- 观察性研究表明,母亲使用荷尔蒙避孕药和儿童癌症之间存在联系.
- 之前关于这种关联的发现是不一致的,需要进行全面的审查.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析关于母亲使用荷尔蒙避孕药和儿童癌症风险的观察性研究.
- 评估与怀孕前或怀孕期间接触激素避孕药相关的儿童癌症风险.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,Embase,Scopus,Cochrane,Web of Science) 进行了系统的搜索,直到2025年4月.
- 包括的研究报告了与母亲使用荷尔蒙避孕药相关的儿童癌症 (0-19岁) 风险估计.
- 使用固定和随机效应模型,对相对风险 (RRs) 进行了95%置信区间 (CI) 的元分析.
主要成果:
- 包括27项研究 (11,067例儿童癌症病例) 在内.
- 孕妇在怀孕前/怀孕期间使用荷尔蒙避孕药与任何儿童癌症 (RR=1.18) 和白血病 (RR=1.24) 的风险增加有关.
- 仅在怀孕期间暴露显示,任何癌症 (RR=1.32) 和白血病 (RR=1.63) 的风险估计都更高.
结论:
- 母亲使用荷尔蒙避孕药可能会增加儿童癌症,特别是白血病的风险.
- 这种风险在怀孕期间暴露时显得更加明显.
- 建议进行进一步的前性研究,以调查特定的荷尔蒙药物和暴露时间.
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