在物质使用障碍治疗设施中治疗酒精使用障碍的药物可用性
Yuji Mizushima1, Jonathan Cantor1, Ryan K McBain2,3
1Economics, Sociology, and Statistics Department, RAND, Santa Monica, California.
JAMA network open
|January 12, 2026
概括
酒精使用障碍 (MAUD) 药物在美国治疗设施的可用性增加到2021年,然后停滞不前. 农村和高贫困县的接入仍然有限,这表明需要有针对性的扩张战略.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 是一个重要的公共卫生问题.
- 对AUD (MAUD) 的药物是有效的,但未得到充分利用的治疗方法.
- 了解MAUD的访问对于提高治疗能力至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析2017年至2023年美国物质使用障碍治疗设施 (SUDTFs) 的MAUD可用性趋势.
- 确定与提供MAUD的SUDTF存在相关的县级特征.
主要方法:
- 全国横截面研究,利用心理健康和成治疗跟踪库 (2017-2023) 的纵向数据.
- 量化MAUD在SUDTF的可用性,定义为提供阿卡姆普罗沙特,迪苏尔菲拉姆或纳尔德.
- 使用具有州和年固定效应的后勤回归来评估县特征 (农村,贫困,人口) 和MAUD可用性之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 美国至少有一个提供MAUD的SUDTF县的百分比从2017年的34.12%上升到2021年的43.88%,之后的增长趋于平稳.
- 限定的MAUD可用性与邻近的农村和偏远的农村县,更高的贫困率,老年人口和非西班牙裔白人个人的比例更高有关.
- 相反,更高的狂饮率和更高的大学教育比例与MAUD存在的增加有关.
结论:
- 在SUDTF中MAUD的可用性从2017年到2021年大幅扩大,但自那以后停滞不前.
- 在获取服务方面存在持续的差异,特别是在服务不足的农村和高贫困地区.
- 政策干预是必要的,以提高MAUD的获取和解决弱势群体的治疗差距.
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