相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Author Spotlight: Understanding Adolescent Social Adversity Effects on Neurodevelopment in Mice

Author Spotlight: Understanding Adolescent Social Adversity Effects on Neurodevelopment in Mice

Published on: March 15, 2024

青少年和成年人的压力改变了中部前额叶皮层中激发-抑制网络动态

Flávia A Verza¹, Ícaro S Freitas¹, Enzo P Valenzuela²

¹Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

|January 12, 2026

概括

青少年的压力导致老鼠大脑活动和网络协调的持久变化,增加精神疾病的风险. 成年人的压力影响是暂时的,这表明恢复机制在以后的生活中更有效.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
发展心理学发展心理学
精神病学是一个精神病学.

背景情况:

压力是精神疾病的重要危险因素.
应激暴露的时间影响其长期的神经和行为影响.
青春期代表了对压力敏感性的关键发展时期.

研究的目的:

研究青少年与成年人的压力对大鼠中部前额叶皮层 (mPFC) 神经元活动和网络动态的影响.
确定在不同发育阶段暴露于压力的短期和长期后果.
阐明发育时间在调解压力诱导的神经变化和精神疾病风险方面的作用.

主要方法:

在青春期或成年期,老鼠接受了足震和克制压力联合方案.
在mPFC中进行了体内电生理学记录,以评估神经元活动 (金字塔神经元,GABA 内神经元) 和局部场潜力.
在压力后1-2周和5-6周进行记录,以评估急性和慢性影响.

主要成果:

青少年的压力导致了状神经元发射的增加,持续的内部神经元爆发活动,以及mPFC马振荡的长期减少.
成年人的压力导致了短暂的内部神经元兴奋度增加和theta振荡的暂时减少,而金字塔神经元活动没有持续的变化.
青少年的压力导致刺激-抑制平衡和网络协调的持久破坏,而成年人的压力影响是暂时的.

结论:

青春期是一个关键的窗口,压力会在皮质电路中引发持续的,细胞类型特定的变化.
成年时经历的压力会诱导短暂的神经变化,可能是由于固有的恢复机制.
发育时间对于确定压力的长期结果至关重要,为青少年与压力相关的皮质功能障碍提供了见解,并为治疗干预提供了信息.

关键词:

皮质电路中的皮质电路.发展发展发展发展发展.内部神经元内部神经元金字塔神经元是一种神经元.压力就是压力,压力就是压力.

更多相关视频

Restraint to Induce Stress in Mice and Rats

Restraint to Induce Stress in Mice and Rats

Published on: December 6, 2024

Assessment of Stress Effects on Cognitive Flexibility using an Operant Strategy Shifting Paradigm

Assessment of Stress Effects on Cognitive Flexibility using an Operant Strategy Shifting Paradigm

Published on: May 4, 2020

相关概念视频

Physiological Foundation of Stress

Physiological Foundation of Stress

Stress triggers a coordinated physiological response involving the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This dual activation ensures that the body is prepared for both immediate and prolonged stress management. The process begins with the perception of a stressor. This initial phase activates the SNS, leading to the rapid release of adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal glands.
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...

Excitatory and Inhibitory Effects of Neurotransmitters

Excitatory and Inhibitory Effects of Neurotransmitters

When an action potential reaches the presynaptic axon terminal, it releases neurotransmitters from the neuron into the synaptic cleft at a chemical synapse. The released neurotransmitter can be excitatory or inhibitory. The critical criteria commonly used to determine whether a molecule is a neurotransmitter at a chemical synapse are the molecule's presence in the presynaptic neuron. Second, its release is in response to strong presynaptic depolarization. And lastly, the presence of...

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis

The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is part of the neuroendocrine system because it involves both neuronal and hormonal communication. Its function is to regulate homeostatic systems—metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune—providing the necessary means to respond to a stressor.

Components of Stress

Components of Stress

Stress analysis under multiple loading conditions is intricate, necessitating a comprehensive grasp of normal and shearing stresses. Consider a small cube at point O, subjected to stress on all six faces, visible or not. Normal stress components σx, σy, σz act perpendicularly to the x, y, and z axes. Shearing stress components τxy and τxz are exerted on faces perpendicular to these axes.
Interestingly, the hidden cube faces also experience these stresses, equal and...

Stress Response System

Stress Response System

The stress response system, also known as the fight-or-flight response, is the body's automatic physiological reaction to perceived threats. Hans Selye introduced the concept of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) to describe the predictable pattern of changes that occur in response to stress. GAS consists of three sequential stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. This model helps explain how chronic stress can contribute to health problems.
Alarm stage
In the alarm stage, the body's...