一一睹对进行移民法庭诉讼程序评估的能力
Cassandra A Bailey1, Mia M Ricardo2, London Samson1
1Department of Psychological Sciences, Metropolitan State University of Denver.
Law and human behavior
|January 12, 2026
概括
在移民法庭进行的审理能力 (CTP) 评估的质量非常差异化,并且往往无法达到标准. 改善评估人员的培训对于确保面临驱逐的移民的正当程序至关重要.
科学领域:
- 法医心理学 法医心理学
- 移民法 移民法 移民法
- 心理法律评估 心理法律评估
背景情况:
- 诉讼权力 (CTP) 是刑事法院定义的法律标准,但在移民法庭 (IC) 中是一个较新的概念.
- 移民法官必须在出现无能指标时评估CTP,并有可能在程序保障下继续案件.
- 与刑事被告不同,移民经常在没有法律顾问的情况下面临驱逐程序,这凸显了需要高质量的能力评估的需要.
研究的目的:
- 描述在移民法庭进行评估的能力的特点和质量.
- 确定在移民法律体系内对CTP评估的改进领域.
主要方法:
- 一项描述性研究分析了41个未确定的能力,以处理移民法庭的报告.
- 数据被编码为54个变量,包括受访者,报告和评估特征以及心理法律意见.
- 所有报告都经过双重编码以确保可靠性.
主要成果:
- 对于在移民法庭上诉讼的能力的评估显示出高度可变的质量,其中许多未达到既定准则.
- 只有36.6%的报告完全解决了能力标准的所有方面.
- 报告中有很大一部分 (56.1%) 包含有偏见的陈述,偏离了法医最佳实践.
结论:
- 在刑事法庭和移民法庭中,CTP之间存在重大法律区别.
- 显然需要加强对在移民法庭进行CTP评估的评估人员的培训.
- 提供了改善移民程序中CTP评估的建议,强调需要将国家纳入法医心理学课程.
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