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造成灾难的机制和深层多层硬屋顶的动态和静态负载合的监控
Xing Fu1,2, Lingjun Zeng3, Hai Rong3
1Ordos Institute of Liaoning Technical University, Ordos, 017000, China. 15841815399@163.com.
Scientific reports
|January 12, 2026
概括
覆盖岩层的不稳定性,特别是坚硬的屋顶,显著影响采矿期间的岩石爆发. 监测低层硬岩层有助于预测和预防这些危险事件.
科学领域:
- 采矿工程 采矿工程 采矿工程
- 地质技术工程 地质技术工程
- 岩石机械学 岩石机械学
背景情况:
- 岩石爆裂是地下采矿中的一个重大危险,受地质结构的影响.
- 覆盖层的不稳定性,特别是厚的关键层,在岩石爆裂发生中起着至关重要的作用.
- 了解岩层破裂和岩石爆裂之间的关系对于矿山安全至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索导致工作面前岩石爆裂的主要因素.
- 为了澄清覆盖硬岩层不稳定性和断裂影响岩石爆裂的机制.
- 建立一个有效的监测方案,用于预测和防止岩石爆发.
主要方法:
- 对微地震能量事件分布的分析,以评估硬屋顶的影响.
- 机械建模,以计算前置支柱压力和在静态负载下能量积累.
- 理论计算叠加的动态和静态负载能量从叠加层层断裂.
- 通过使用缆数据,建立一个在线监测硬岩层活动的计划.
主要成果:
- 坚固屋顶的不稳定性对工作面采矿和岩石爆裂风险产生重大影响.
- 中低硬岩层的协同裂变的叠加能量超过了关键岩石爆裂能量 (1.23 × 10^4 J).
- 较低的硬岩层被确定为关键的监测目标.
- 缆数据显示,在工作面前的煤炭和岩石质量中出现了三阶段的应力演变.
结论:
- 覆盖着厚厚的关键层的不稳定性是岩石爆发的主要控制因素.
- 监测低层硬岩层提供了一种定量方法,以了解应力演变和预测岩石爆发.
- 建立的在线监测方案有效地反映了采矿对工作面前岩石质量的影响.
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