芳香乳酸酸产生双胞胎细菌在生命早期的殖民化降低了过敏敏感化的风险
Pernille Neve Myers1, Rasmus Kaae Dehli1, Axel Mie2,3
1Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
Nature microbiology
|January 12, 2026
概括
早期的微生物暴露会影响免疫发育. 特定的双细菌菌株及其代谢物,如4-基乳酸盐,与儿童的食物过敏发展减少有关.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 早期的微生物暴露对免疫系统发育至关重要,并影响过敏风险.
- 食物过敏原敏感性,以食物过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白E (IgE) 表示,意味着免疫耐受性受损.
- 了解影响过敏敏感性的早期因素对于预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查早期微生物传播,肠道代谢物和儿童过敏敏感性发展之间的关联.
- 识别特定的微生物和代谢特征,与降低食物过敏和皮炎风险相关.
- 阐明已识别的代谢物对过敏反应的免疫调节机制.
主要方法:
- 对147名从出生到5岁的儿童进行了长度研究,追踪了微生物暴露和养做法.
- 对肠道微生物群组成和代谢物,特别是芳香乳酸盐的分析.
- 测量食物过敏原特定的IgE和评估亚托皮炎的发展.
- 使用人类免疫细胞进行的ex vivo实验,以评估4-基乳酸对IgE和IgG产生的影响.
主要成果:
- 芳香乳酸盐生产型双倍细菌的早期传播与芳香乳酸盐的肠道水平增加有关.
- 这种微生物群-代谢物签名与食品过敏原特异性IgE的发展呈反向关联,直到5岁和2岁时的亚托皮炎.
- 代谢物4 - 基 - 酸乳酸被确定为一个关键的调解剂,抑制了ex vivo人类免疫细胞培养中的IgE产生.
结论:
- 一个早期的微生物群-代谢物-免疫轴存在,受微生物传播和养习惯的影响.
- 特定的双细菌菌株及其代谢物4-基酸乳酸盐在预防过敏敏感化方面发挥着作用.
- 这些发现提供了早期暴露与降低过敏风险之间的机制联系,突出了潜在的干预目标.
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