来自牲畜废物的生物炭:通往可持续农业和减缓气候变化的途径
Nathan Preuss1, Johannes Lehmann2,3,4, Fengqi You1,4,5,6
1Systems Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.
Environmental science & technology
|January 13, 2026
概括
从牲畜中生产生物炭可以使作物产量提高10%,并增加粮食生产. 这种可持续的做法还有助于去除二氧化碳,减少温室气体排放.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 气候科学 气候科学
背景情况:
- 牲畜便是农业温室气体的重要来源,也是作物有价值的营养素.
- 有效的肥料管理可以提高作物生长,减轻气候变化.
- 生物炭生产为可持续农业和气候缓解提供了潜在的解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 评估从牲畜便生产生物炭对农业系统,作物产量和土地利用的影响.
- 通过广泛的肥料热解来量化增加粮食生产和温室气体减排的潜力.
- 评估采用生物炭对土地利用变化和食品价格的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用全球变化分析模型 (GCAM) 综合评估模型.
- 增强的GCAM与热解模块 (GCAM-热解) 模拟生物炭生产.
- 在各种场景下,在2050年模拟畜牧肥料的广泛热解.
主要成果:
- 预计由于生物炭的应用,全球作物产量平均增加10%.
- 预计到2050年,农田面积将增加415,000平方公里,用于粮食生产.
- 表明粮食生产额外增加5.1 Pcal,除了增加二氧化碳的去除和减少温室气体排放.
- 突出了潜在的负面影响,包括一些地区主食价格的上.
结论:
- 从畜中生产生物炭为加强农业系统,增加粮食生产和促进二氧化碳去除提供了重大机会.
- 肥料热解的广泛采用可能会导致土地利用的重大变化,可能会影响森林和牧场.
- 政策干预,包括粮食公平和土地保护法规,是必要的,以减轻广泛采用生物炭的潜在不利影响.
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