霍利斯主义生态学:消除浪漫主义的神话
Dimitrios Schizas1, Napoleon Piakis-Chatzievangelou2, George Stamou3
1Department of Primary Education, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece. dschizas@uth.gr.
Journal of the history of biology
|January 13, 2026
概括
这项研究探讨了浪漫主义和整体生态学之间的联系. 它发现,虽然两者都重视有机主义,但整体生态学 (像克莱门茨一样) 却是有价值的.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境历史 环境历史
- 科学哲学的哲学科学哲学
背景情况:
- 浪漫主义的自然观念影响了西方的环境思想.
- 在20世纪出现的整体生态学经常与浪漫主义有关.
- 这种感知到的联系影响着环境话语和实践.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地检查关键的整体生态学线条与哲学浪漫主义相吻合的程度.
- 通过"科学浪漫主义"的镜头分析生物生态学 (克莱门斯) 和系统生态学 (奥杜姆斯).
- 将这些生态领域的整体假设与哲学浪漫主义的假设进行比较.
主要方法:
- 生态思想和哲学浪漫主义的历史分析.
- 对有机主义和系统生态学假设与浪漫主义理想进行比较研究.
- 将约翰·劳 (John Law) 的"科学浪漫主义"概念应用于生态框架.
主要成果:
- 浪漫主义和整体生态学都有一个有机主义的基础和对自然主义的承诺.
- 哲学浪漫主义将自然视为一种创造力 (natura naturans).
- 然而,整体生态学采用了机械主义的观点 (natura naturata),向系统理论和技术主义理性发展.
结论:
- 整体生态学尽管有浪漫主义的动机,但与哲学浪漫主义有很大的分歧.
- 奥杜姆的系统生态框架更符合牛顿的,机械主义的世界观,而不是浪漫主义的理想.
- 这项研究阐明了有影响力的整体生态方法的复杂,非浪漫的基础.
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