责任扩散:患者对生成人工智能信息的临床决策的道德判断
Wei Zhang1, Jicheng Li1, Fuxiang Guo2
1School of Medicine and Health Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Social science & medicine (1982)
|January 13, 2026
概括
当生成人工智能 (GAI) 参与治疗决策时,尤其是个性化计划时,患者对医生的指责更少. 在人工智能驱动的医疗保健中,这种责任扩散需要明确的问责制框架.
科学领域:
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 患者心理学 患者心理学
背景情况:
- 将生成人工智能 (GAI) 整合到医疗决策中,引发了关于患者反应的问题.
- 了解患者对医生的道德判断,包括涉及GAI的不良后果,对于AI治理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查GAI参与治疗决策如何影响患者在不良结果后对医生的道德判断.
- 检查治疗类型 (个性化与标准护理) 在这种关系中的调节作用.
主要方法:
- 一个由331名参与者进行的实验.
- 操纵医生遵守GAI建议和治疗方案的类型.
- 对医生作为主要依赖变量的道德责怪的测量.
- 使用PROCESS模型1进行调节回归分析.
主要成果:
- 遵循GAI建议的医生在不良结果 (p < 0.001) 后受到的道德指责明显减少 (p < 0.001).
- 治疗类型的责任是温和的;对个性化治疗方案的影响更强 (p < 0.001),对标准治疗方案的影响减弱 (p < 0.05).
- 感知到的患者伤害积极预测道德责怪 (p < 0.001).
结论:
- 患者认为使用GAI建议的医生有较少的道德责任,特别是针对个性化治疗的医生.
- 这表明在人工智能介导的医疗保健中责任的扩散.
- 伦理GAI整合需要明确的问责制,医生培训和透明的患者沟通.
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