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在丹麦的野生鸟类中首次检测到乌苏图病毒,2024年

Laura Vebæk Gelskov^1,2, Camille Melissa Johnston², Anne Sofie Vedsted Hammer¹

¹Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.

Scientific reports

|January 13, 2026

概括

2024年,丹麦野生鸟类中首次发现乌苏图病毒 (USUV) 感染,主要影响普通黑鸟. 这种由蚊子传播的病毒凸显了对欧洲新出现的传染病持续监测的必要性.

科学领域:

兽医病毒学兽医病毒学
生态学和进化论的发展
公共卫生病毒学病毒学

背景情况:

乌苏图病毒 (USUV) 是一种蚊子传播的黄病毒,在欧洲已经流行了30年.
最近在丹麦发现的USUV意味着其不断扩大的地理范围和对野生动物种群的潜在影响.

研究的目的:

调查丹麦野生鸟类中首次记录的乌苏图病毒病例.
描述在丹麦流传的USUV血统及其在不同鸟类物种中的分布.

主要方法:

调查了149只死亡的野生鸟类,重点关注85只常见的黑鸟 (Turdus merula).
使用特定于USUV的逆转录定量聚合酶链反应 (RT-qPCR) 试验检测USUVRNA.
对受影响的鸟类进行病理检查,并对病毒序列进行基因分析.

主要成果:

在85只黑鸟中,USUV RNA在56只中被检测到,在一只大斑点和一只红风中也发现了阳性病例.
黑鸟的病理发现与之前的欧洲USUV爆发一致.
遗传学分析显示,丹麦有三种不同的USUV血统 (欧洲2,欧洲3和非洲3).

结论:

该研究证实了乌苏图病毒在丹麦的引入和传播,主要是在普通黑鸟中.
多个USUV系的存在强调了病毒进化和传播的动态性质.
加强对野生动物新出现的载体传播病毒的监测,对于了解和减轻对动物和公共健康的潜在风险至关重要.

关键词:

常见的黑鸟 (Turdus merula) 是一个常见的黑鸟.新兴传染病是新出现的传染病.它们是Flaviviridae的类型.乌苏图病毒是一种病毒.媒介性感染媒介性感染动物传染病是动物传染病.

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