通过使用机器学习和人工智能的神经成像方式检测帕金森病:系统性审查
Faranak Ebrahimian Sadabad1, Praveen Honhar2,3, Shakiba Houshi4
1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, School of Medicine, Yale University, 801 Howard Ave, PO Box 208048, New Haven, CT, USA. faranak.ebrahimiansadabad@yale.edu.
概括
机器学习和人工智能在使用医学成像来区分帕金森病 (PD) 和健康对照时显示出高准确度. 性能因成像方式和算法而异,多巴胺SPECT和PET显示出优异的结果.
科学领域:
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 机器学习 (ML) 和人工智能 (AI) 越来越多地应用于医疗成像,用于临床决策.
- 区分帕金森病 (PD) 和健康对照 (HC) 是一个关键的应用领域.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和评估ML / AI算法的性能,以区分PD与HC在各种医学成像模式中.
- 确定趋势,并为该领域的未来研究提供建议.
主要方法:
- 对130项研究进行了系统审查.
- 分析ML/AI技术,包括卷积神经网络 (CNN),支持矢量机器 (SVM),随机森林和集合方法.
- 包括六种成像方式:多巴胺SPECT,PET ([18F]FDG,[18F]DOPA,[11C]raclopride),结构MRI,功能MRI和扩散MRI.
主要成果:
- 多巴胺SPECT和PET,特别是CNN,表现出高性能 (>90%的灵敏度,特异性和准确性).
- 最佳算法性能在成像模式和数据源之间有所不同,表明结果细微.
- 对于每种成像技术,都确定了新兴趋势.
结论:
- ML/AI算法显示了PD诊断医学成像方面的巨大潜力.
- 当与先进的ML/AI相结合时,多巴胺SPECT和PET是非常有效的模式.
- 需要进一步的研究,以优化基于特定的成像模式和数据特征的算法选择.
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