武装冲突对儿童的影响:全球人道主义危机
Aoife Twohig1,2, Fiona McNicholas3,4,5
1https://ror.org/025qedy81Children's Health Ireland at Temple Steet, Dublin, Ireland.
Irish journal of psychological medicine
|January 14, 2026
概括
儿童因武装冲突而遭受破坏性,长期的伤害,近期违法行为激增21%. 保护儿童需要结束敌对行为,并在全球范围内实施创伤知情,依恋敏感的恢复努力.
科学领域:
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 国际关系 国际关系
- 人道主义法 人道主义法
背景情况:
- 武装冲突对全球儿童造成严重和持久的身体,精神和发育损害.
- 历史里程碑包括1996年格拉萨·马切尔报告和对武装冲突中儿童的"六项严重违法行为"的编.
- 尽管有像"儿童权利公约"这样的法律框架,但冲突中对儿童的侵犯行为显著增加.
研究的目的:
- 追踪全球对武装冲突对儿童影响的理解的演变.
- 突出当代冲突中对儿童的侵犯的持续性和不断升级的性质.
- 倡导紧急结束敌对行动,并以儿童为中心的方法来解决冲突后的复苏问题.
主要方法:
- 联合国关键报告和有关武装冲突中儿童的国际法律框架的历史分析.
- 审查最近联合国关于侵犯儿童权利的数据.
- 案例研究分析 (加沙) 以说明当代挑战,并引用其他冲突地区 (苏丹,缅甸,乌克兰).
主要成果:
- 战争对儿童的影响是系统的和深刻的,迫使他们过早成年.
- 尽管存在保护措施,但武装冲突中对儿童的侵犯行为在过去一年中升了21%.
- 加沙是当前的一个高调的例子,表明在战争中未能保护儿童,反映了其他地区的痛苦.
结论:
- 迫切的,普遍的要求是结束敌对,保护儿童免受武装冲突的破坏性影响.
- 冲突后恢复和问责努力必须优先考虑儿童,采用创伤知情和依恋敏感的方法.
- 从过去的冲突 (卢旺达,波斯尼亚,叙利亚) 学到的教训对于有效的干预和对受战争影响的儿童的支持至关重要.
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