在新型疫情条件下,本地树皮甲虫的树木防御,宿主选择和繁殖成功
Grace Graham1,2, Marcella Windmuller-Campione2, Daniel Griffin3,4
1Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
概括
由于气候变化,东方甲甲虫 (ELB) 现在正在准大塔马拉克树,而不考虑它们的防御. 这一转变凸显了森林管理面临的新挑战,这些挑战与历史上良性害虫有关.
科学领域:
- 林业林业 林业 林业 林业
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 树皮甲虫 (Dendroctonus) 是关键的森林干扰剂,在数百万年里与针叶树的防御共同进化.
- 气候变化正在改变历史森林动态,导致前所未有的树皮甲虫爆发.
- 自2001年以来,东部虫 (ELB) 在大湖地区爆发,以这种现象为例,影响了超过46万公的树林.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查树木的防御能力和明尼苏达州东方甲虫 (ELB) 爆发动态.
- 了解疫情期间ELB的宿主偏好和殖民模式.
主要方法:
- 塔马拉克树核的树状时间分析.
- 从2011年到2013年,对ELB-tamarack相互作用的观测数据收集.
- 预先形成的树木防御 (xylem和floem树脂) 的评估及其与甲虫成功的关系.
主要成果:
- 塔马拉克西伦中预先形成的防御是有限的,并没有决定ELB宿主偏好.
- 埃尔比殖民了最大的塔马拉克树,具有最厚的花皮,无论防御能力如何.
- 叶膜树脂防御与ELB生殖成功降低相关,但西树脂没有.
结论:
- 埃尔比爆发的动态正在转变,甲虫现在准具有更厚的花皮的较大树木,取代了以前的宿主避开策略.
- 气候变化引发的长期生长季节可能正在推动ELB人口爆发和侵略性殖民.
- 森林 - 塔马拉克的相互作用是理解气候变化对森林生态系统的影响和管理被低估的害虫的模型.
关键词:
丹德罗克托努斯简单的复杂.拉里克斯·拉里奇纳 (Larix laricina) 是一个巨.树皮甲虫 树皮甲虫 树皮甲虫气候变化 气候变化 气候变化共同进化的共同进化东方桃是什么意思 东方桃东方甲甲虫 东方甲甲虫 是一个森林的森林健康问题树脂防御的树脂防御塔马拉克 - 塔马拉克 - 塔马拉克更多相关视频
12:47A Technique to Screen American Beech for Resistance to the Beech Scale Insect Cryptococcus fagisuga Lind.
Published on: May 27, 2014
10.0K
06:58Author Spotlight: Evaluation of Entomopathogenic Fungi in Wild Monochamus alternatus Populations for Biocontrol Applications in Forest Wood Borers
Published on: September 29, 2023
1.3K
相关概念视频
Threats to Biodiversity
26.5K
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
26.5K
What is Natural Selection?
125.7K
Natural selection is an evolutionary process in which individuals with survival-promoting traits reproduce at higher rates. These favorable traits become more common within a population or species. Naturally selected traits initially arise via random genetic mutations. In order for selection to occur, there must be variation within a population, the trait controlling the variation must be heritable, and there must be an evolutionary advantage for variation in the trait.
125.7K
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift
61.7K
In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
61.7K
Types of Selection
43.9K
Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
43.9K
Conservation of Declining Populations
12.5K
Conservation of declining population focuses on ways of detecting, diagnosing, and halting a population decline. The approach uses methods to prevent populations from going extinct.
12.5K
