太空飞行改变了中性粒细胞在T淋巴细胞上的免疫调节功能
Ece Tavukçuoğlu1, Hamdullah Yanık1, Hikmet Erhan Güven2
1Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Türkiye.
iScience
|January 14, 2026
概括
太空飞行改变了宇航员的中性粒细胞,增加了它们对T细胞的抑制作用. 这些在任务后观察到的免疫变化凸显了太空旅行对免疫功能的潜在风险.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 太空医学 太空医学
- 天体生物学 天体生物学
背景情况:
- 众所周知,太空飞行会导致免疫系统失调.
- 中性粒细胞在免疫反应中起着至关重要的作用,并且可以受到环境压力因素的影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究宇航员在太空飞行后中性粒细胞的功能性改变.
- 分析这些改变的中性粒细胞对T细胞反应的影响.
主要方法:
- 在太空任务 (轨道和次轨道) 之前和之后从宇航员那里收集正常密度中性粒细胞 (NDN) 和低密度中性粒细胞 (LDN).
- 分析了中性粒细胞表面标记物,活性氧物种 (ROS) 和氧化 (NO) 生产的变化.
- 评估了飞行后中性粒细胞对T细胞细胞因子分泌 (IL-2,IFN-γ) 和增殖的影响.
主要成果:
- 太空飞行后观察到的低密度中性粒细胞 (LDN) 种群增加.
- 中性粒细胞表现出高调的激活标志物 (NDN上的CD11b,CD80,CD86;LDN上的CD11b,CD69) 和增强的ROS/NO产量.
- 飞行后的中性粒细胞,特别是LDN,显著抑制IL-2并倾向于抑制T细胞的IFN-γ分泌.
结论:
- 宇航员中性粒细胞在太空飞行后表现出功能性改变和T细胞抑制能力的增加.
- 这些发现表明,太空飞行引起的中性粒细胞变化可能会在返回地球时影响免疫调节.
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