成人轴长度延长的危险因素:一项为期5年的基于人口的队列研究
Taiga Inooka1, Yuki Kimura1, Shota Fujikawa1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
Ophthalmology science
|January 14, 2026
概括
成年人的轴长度 (AL) 延长不常见. 严重AL延长的危险因素包括更长的基线AL,更大的不对称性,近视性黄斑病和女性性别,为健康检查后续决策提供了信息.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 生物识别仪表是如何使用的
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 成年人的轴长度 (AL) 延长与病理结果有关.
- 基于人群的关于AL延长和风险概况的纵向数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定成年人AL延长的患病率和年率.
- 在健康检查队列中确定AL延长的独立决定因素.
主要方法:
- 从日本健康检查计划中对4016名成年人 (8032只眼睛) 的回顾性分析,随访时间中位数为5.31年.
- 使用线性回归估计的年度AL变化;严重程度分为严重,中度,轻度或零.
- 顺序逻辑回归和对级变化点分析用于识别决定因素和关键AL值.
主要成果:
- 98.6%的眼睛没有或轻微的AL延伸;中度和严重的延伸很少 (1.3%和0.2%).
- 更大的AL延长严重性的决定因素包括更长的基线AL (OR 1.34),更大的整眼AL差异 (OR 7.18),近视性黄斑病 (OR 2.79) 和女性性别 (OR 3.05).
- 变化点分析表明,较长眼睛的交叉点接近28.56毫米,在此以上,更快的延伸变得更有可能.
结论:
- 成年AL延长通常不常见且缓慢.
- 风险集中在基线AL较长的个体,较大的轴不对称性,近视性黄斑病,以及女性中.
- 这些发现可以指导健康检查设置中的后续策略,特定的AL门可能有助于风险分层.
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