微生物群衍生代谢物脱氧醇酸调节肠道神经元活动和连接性
Morgane E Le Dréan1, Baptiste Ganachaud1, Maëva Rebion1
1INSERM, TENS-The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, IMAD, Nantes Université, Nantes, France.
Journal of neurochemistry
|January 14, 2026
概括
肠道细菌产生二次胆汁酸,通过影响肠道神经系统影响消化. 脱氧胆酸通过TGR5受体增强神经元连接和突触活动.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 二次胆汁酸 (BAs) 是肠道微生物群的代谢物,通过肠道神经系统 (ENS) 影响消化功能.
- 肠神经元表达BA受体塔克达G蛋白结合受体5 (TGR5),但它们对BA的直接反应尚不清楚.
- 微生物代谢物对ENS连接性和突触活动的影响在很大程度上尚未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 研究二次BA对肠神经元连接和功能的影响.
- 阐明脱氧醇酸 (DCA) 在调节ENS突触活动和神经传递中的作用.
主要方法:
- 主要的老鼠肠道神经元培养被暴露在脱氧胆酸 (DCA) 中.
- 评估了突触前蛋白质表达 (突触素-1,突触素) 和突触密度的变化.
- 分析了突触活动,囊泡外,细胞内反应和TGR5受体参与.
主要成果:
- DCA暴露增加了synapsin-1和synaptophysin的表达,并增强了肠道神经元中的突触密度.
- DCA通过增加突触囊泡外细胞化来增强突触活性,可能是通过突触素-1酸化.
- 通过TGR5介导的机制,DCA调节了乙胆诱导的反应.
结论:
- 脱氧胆酸 (DCA) 通过增强连接性和突触活动来重塑肠道神经元功能网络.
- 像DCA这样的细菌代谢物起到微生物组和ENS功能之间的联系作用.
- 二次BA在消化系统生理学中起着重要作用,可能与胃肠道疾病有关.
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