超越轮胎:中国45年的流量和库存 (1978-2022)
Chunlong Li1, Yuheng Cao1, Yucheng Ren1
1State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Low-carbon Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Environmental science & technology
|January 14, 2026
概括
现在,中国的消费占据了非耐用制品的主导地位,积累了大量的使用中库存和未来的废物. 解决这些材料的收集和加工障碍对于可持续性至关重要.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 工业生态学 工业生态学
背景情况:
- 现有的评估主要集中在轮胎上,忽视了重要的非轮胎应用.
- 非实用的用途 (鞋类,手套,建筑) 量化不充分,造成资源需求和废物产生方面的知识差距.
- 了解的整个生命周期对于可持续的资源管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 从1978年到2022年,对中国的进行动态材料流分析.
- 量化轮胎和非轮胎制品的消费,库存积累和使用寿命结束路径.
- 确定挑战并提出解决方案,以关闭循环并减少对环境的影响.
主要方法:
- 开发了45年中国的动态材料流量分析模型.
- 包括12种原始类型,7个产品类别,8个应用领域和7个生命周期结束路径.
- 在产品使用过程中考虑了填充剂,化学添加剂和微颗粒的释放.
主要成果:
- 到2022年,非制品占总消费量的67% (22.5万-1年),推动了特殊用途合成 (SSR) 和热塑性弹性体 (TPE) 的增长.
- 非运输行业的使用库存达到156.2万 (占全国总量的89%),表明未来会有大量的废弃物.
- 只有27%的回收来自非钢铁产品,突出收集,分类和加工障碍.
结论:
- 非实用的应用越来越重要,推动了资源需求和未来的废物流.
- 收集,分类和加工的障碍阻碍了非制品的有效回收.
- 需要上游材料创新,改进统计和特定行业的废物管理,以提高循环性和减少环境压力.
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