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相关概念视频

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

704
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
704
Language Development01:22

Language Development

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
841
Conduct Disorder01:28

Conduct Disorder

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Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
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Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture01:27

Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture

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Adolescents from ethnic minority backgrounds face a multifaceted journey in forming their identities, shaped by the intersections of cultural expectations and personal exploration. For these adolescents, identity formation involves not only typical developmental challenges but also navigating the perceptions and attitudes of the majority culture. As they grow, adolescents in ethnic minority groups often become increasingly aware of stereotypes, social biases, and discrimination, all of which...
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Cognitive Development During Adolescence01:18

Cognitive Development During Adolescence

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During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
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Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

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Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
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A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents
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双语拉丁语青少年的语言发育风险和社会和行为功能.

José R Palma1, Elizabeth D Peña2, Catherine Esperanza3

  • 1Department of Teaching, Learning, and Culture, Texas A&M University, College Station.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR
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PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 风险较高的双语拉丁裔青年表现出更高的内化问题. 西班牙语和英语的叙事技能与社会能力有关,这强调了需要基于社区的研究.

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科学领域:

  • 心理语言学 心理语言学
  • 发展心理学 发展心理学
  • 社会语言学 社会语言学

背景情况:

  • 双语拉丁美洲青年代表着一个拥有独特发展轨迹的多元化人口.
  • 了解语言发展风险与社会行为功能之间的相互作用对这一群体至关重要.
  • 以前的研究还没有完全捕捉到社区样本中这些关系的细微差别.

研究的目的:

  • 检查双语拉丁美洲青年语言发展风险与社会和行为功能 (外部化问题,内部化问题,社会能力) 之间的关系.
  • 调查西班牙语和英语叙事技能与社会和行为问题之间的关联.
  • 突出以社区为基础的研究的重要性,以了解不同的青年经历.

主要方法:

  • 采用了129名双语拉丁裔青年及其照顾者的社区样本.
  • 在西班牙语和英语的标准化家长和儿童报告措施中,评估了发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 风险和社会和行为问题 (SBC).
  • 在这两种语言中评估了儿童的叙事技巧,并使用了统计分析 (费舍尔的精确测试,引导测试,多重回归).

主要成果:

  • 根据自我报告,患有DLD风险的年轻人更有可能表现出临床上显著的内化问题 (IP).
  • 对于基于DLD风险的外部化问题 (EP) 或社会能力 (SC) 没有发现显著差异.
  • 西班牙语叙事技巧与低家长报告的SC相关,而英语叙事技巧与更高的自我报告的SC相关.

结论:

  • 具有DLD风险的双语拉丁裔青年可能会在各种环境中遇到内部化问题,自我报告是敏感的指标.
  • 在这两种语言中,口头叙述技能与社会能力有着很小但很重要的关联,这表明它在社会运作中的作用.
  • 基于社区的样本对于全面了解年轻人的经验至关重要,特别是那些通常不会在临床环境中发现的经验.