人类的情感气味影响马的行为和生理学
Plotine Jardat1,2, Alexandra Destrez3, Fabrice Damon3
1Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation, Pôle développement, Innovation et Recherche, Nouzilly, France.
PloS one
|January 14, 2026
概括
马可以通过嗅觉来检测人类的情绪. 来自人类的恐惧气味增加了马的恐惧反应并减少了互动,而快乐气味则具有中性作用,显示了气味.
科学领域:
- 伦理学 伦理学 伦理学
- 嗅觉沟通 嗅觉沟通 嗅觉沟通
- 跨物种的相互作用 跨物种的相互作用
背景情况:
- 嗅觉是动物沟通的主要感觉方式,对于物种内相互作用和繁殖至关重要.
- 新出现的证据表明,化学信号在物种间的沟通和情绪信号传递中发挥着作用.
- 人类嗅觉信号对马类行为的影响仍然在很大程度上未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 研究人类衍生的嗅觉信号在人类与马互动期间调节马类行为的作用.
- 为了确定马是否能够感知和响应通过气味传达的人类情绪状态.
- 为了评估恐惧和快乐气味对马的反应的影响,在受控测试中进行了测试.
主要方法:
- 四十三匹马被暴露在含有来自恐惧和快乐情境的人类气味的棉花上,以及控制上.
- 在恐惧测试 (突然性,新奇性) 和人类互动测试 (修饰,接近) 中评估了马的反应.
- 统计分析,包括主要组件分析和效果大小计算,用于解释行为和生理数据.
主要成果:
- 与恐惧相关的人类气味接触,与与快乐相关和控制气味相比,马的恐惧反应显著增加.
- 当马接触到恐惧气味时,马与人类的互动减少,在接近测试期间,马与人类接触较少.
- 恐惧气味导致对新奇物体的凝视增加,惊反应更大,心率最大增加.
结论:
- 化学信号在物种间相互作用中起着重要作用,特别是在人类与马之间的通信中.
- 马可以检测和反应通过嗅觉线索传递的人类情绪状态.
- 经理人的情绪状态可以通过气味传输影响马的行为,这对动物福利和训练有实际意义.
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