生物标志物 生物标志物
Xuemei Zeng1, Rebecca A Deek2, Michel N Nafash1
1University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|January 14, 2026
概括
像p-tau217这样的等离子体生物标志物显示出预测阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和与AD相关的痴呆症 (ADRD) 的认知衰退的强大潜力. 这些血液检查可以识别有风险的个体,帮助早期诊断和个性化治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 生物标志物研究 生物标志物研究
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 血生物标志物在检测阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和与AD相关的痴呆症 (ADRD) 脑病理方面表现有前途.
- 血生物标志物与纵向认知衰退之间的确切关系尚不清楚.
- 为了研究这种关系,使用了大量纵向数据的大型记忆诊所队列.
研究的目的:
- 检查基线血生物标志物对近三十年认知衰退的预测价值.
- 为了比较不同等离子体生物标志物 (p-tau181,p-tau217,BD-tau,GFAP,NfL) 在预测认知衰退方面的疗效.
- 评估这些生物标志物的实用性,以识别面临认知衰退风险的个体,包括最初没有痴呆症的人.
主要方法:
- 从匹兹堡大学阿尔茨海默氏病研究中心招募了参与者.
- 收集血液样本并进行认知评估 (临床痴呆症评分 (CDR) 盒子总和) 截面和每年长达29年.
- 使用SIMOA测定测量了p-tau181,p-tau217,BD-tau,GFAP和NfL的血水平;使用线性/逻辑回归和费舍尔的精确测试进行分析.
主要成果:
- 所有测量的等离子体生物标志物的较高水平与认知功能 (CDR评分) 的较差相关.
- 血p-tau181和GFAP最好地预测了不同时间间隔 (0-2,2-5,5-10,>10年) 的认知衰退率.
- 血p-tau217表现出在2,5或10年内预测认知衰退发生的优越能力 (AUC高达0.810),特别是在没有基线痴呆症的个体中. 认知稳定的个体与进展的人相比,生物标志物水平较低.
结论:
- 血生物标志物,特别是p-tau217,是预测患有AD/ADRD风险的个体认知衰退的有价值工具.
- 这些基于血液的标志物可以识别逐渐发展到痴呆症的个体,即使从认知上正常的状态.
- 这些发现支持使用血生物标志物进行个性化临床管理,改善神经退行性疾病患者的治疗结果.
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