2017年至2023年间匈牙利RSV G和F蛋白的序列变异性:单中心研究
Hajnalka Juhász1, Katalin Burián1, Mátyás Bukva2
1Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical and Pharmaceutical Center and Albert Szent Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
International journal of medical microbiology : IJMM
|January 14, 2026
概括
这项研究追踪了2017年至2023年间匈牙利儿童的呼吸道同胞细胞病毒 (RSV) A和B. 虽然RSV菌株表现出遗传多样性,但没有发现影响抗病毒药物疗效的关键突变.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 呼吸道同胞病毒 (RSV) 是儿童呼吸道疾病的主要原因之一.
- 了解RSV遗传多样性和进化对于开发有效的治疗方法和疫苗至关重要.
- 以前的研究已经强调了对RSV菌株的持续监测的必要性.
研究的目的:
- 确定匈牙利住院儿童RSV A和B的流行率和遗传特征.
- 分析RSV菌株G和F基因的序列变异性.
- 调查影响抗病毒药物疗效的潜在突变,包括靠近帕利维祖马布和尼尔塞维祖马布结合部位的突变.
主要方法:
- 从2017年至2023年期间住院的儿科患者的1828个呼吸道样本的回顾性分析.
- 检测和基因定型的RSV A和RSV B.
- 测序和分析G和F基因,专注于特定的蛋白质域和已知的药物结合部位.
主要成果:
- RSV A 的流行率为12.74%,RSV B 的流行率为13.85%,同时感染率为0.27%.
- 2018-2019赛季显示了最高的RSV阳性;SARS-CoV-2流行后的时期表明了更早,更长的RSV赛季.
- RSV A菌株属于A.D.类,RSV B菌株属于B.D.类. 在G蛋白质ectodomain中观察到高序列多样性. 在帕利维祖马布结合部位 (位置276) 附近发现了突变,但在核心结合部位却没有. 在nirsevimab结合区域检测到几种突变,但没有影响nirsevimab活性.
结论:
- 匈牙利的RSV循环表现出季节性变化和遗传多样性.
- G和F基因的变异性,特别是在G蛋白中,需要持续监测.
- 目前在匈牙利的RSV菌株似乎没有突变,这将赋予对palivizumab或nirsevimab显著的耐药性.
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