考虑到轮胎非线性,4WS-4WID自动驾驶汽车的4WS和DYC协调控制
Yuanlong Wang1, Jiaqing Zhou1, Guanying Chen1
1College of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
ISA transactions
|January 14, 2026
概括
本研究介绍了自动驾驶汽车四轮方向盘 (4WS) 和直接转时刻控制 (DYC) 的协调控制方法. 这种方法提高了路径跟踪和稳定性,特别是在极端的驾驶条件下.
科学领域:
- 汽车工程 汽车工程
- 控制系统理论 控制系统理论
- 机器人技术 机器人技术 机器人技术
背景情况:
- 自动驾驶汽车需要强大的路径跟踪和稳定性控制,特别是在苛刻的条件下.
- 四轮方向盘 (4WS) 和四轮独立驱动 (4WID) 系统提供了先进的机动性,但也带来了复杂的控制挑战.
- 现有的控制策略可能会与4WS-4WID车辆面临的非线性动态和极端场景作斗争.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证4WS-4WID自动驾驶汽车中的4WS和DYC系统的协调控制策略.
- 为了提高路径跟踪精度和极端操作条件下的车辆稳定性.
- 优化控制参数以提高性能和降低能源消耗.
主要方法:
- 滑动模式观察器 (SMO) 用于横向力估计和拐角刚度校正.
- 设计了一个自适应模型预测控制 (MPC) 路径跟踪控制器.
- 滑动模式控制 (SMC) 应用于设计4WS和DYC稳定性控制器,考虑到非线性轮胎特性.
- 采用延伸方法来协调4WS和DYC重量,以获得最佳的后轮角度和曲时刻控制.
主要成果:
- 拟议的协调控制战略显著提高了路径跟踪的准确性.
- 车辆的稳定性,通过侧滑角度和斜率来衡量,在极端条件下得到了显著提高.
- 该方法通过优化控制分配,有效地平衡了稳定性控制和能源效率.
结论:
- 协调的4WS和DYC控制方法为自动驾驶车辆的稳定性和路径跟踪提供了强大的解决方案.
- 整合SMO,自适应MPC和SMC有效地解决了4WS-4WID车辆的非线性动态.
- 协同模拟和实验验证证证实了该策略在现实驾驶场景中的有效性.
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