肌缩侧面硬化症中的加速大脑衰老及其预后关联:一个队列研究
Chenhao Fang1, Jiaoting Jin2, Wen Shi3,4
1Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, 230088, China.
BMC medicine
|January 15, 2026
概括
加速的大脑衰老在肌缩侧面硬化症 (ALS) 中很常见. 诊断时大脑年龄较大预测结果更差,这表明针对神经炎症和血脑屏障完整性的治疗可能会改善预后.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 神经退行发生神经退行.
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 肌缩侧面硬化症 (ALS) 是一种致命的神经退行性疾病.
- 虽然ALS与加速的大脑衰老有关,但其机制和预后影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究ALS患者的加速大脑衰老.
- 探索大脑衰老,神经解剖学和ALS的临床结果之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个深度学习模型,从MRI扫描中预测大脑年龄.
- 在170名ALS患者和84名对照组中计算预测年龄差异 (PAD).
- 分析了与PAD相关的神经解剖学关联,基因表达和临床结果.
主要成果:
- 患有ALS的患者表现出加速的大脑衰老 (平均PAD为1.77年),与灰质损失有关.
- 微细胞,神经元,内皮细胞和细胞周细胞有助于加速衰老,涉及神经炎症和血脑屏障 (BBB) 完整性.
- 加快的大脑衰老与认知障碍相关,是ALS死亡的独立风险因素.
结论:
- 在ALS中加速的大脑衰老可能源于BBB分解和神经炎症,导致灰质变性.
- 诊断时的大脑年龄较大与较差的临床结果和更短的存活时间有关.
- 准神经炎症和BBB完整性可以缓解加速的大脑衰老并改善ALS预后.
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