用于具有快速界面动力学的低温和高压离子电池的阻燃Cl替代电解质
Yujie Yang1,2,3, Jinyu Zhang1, Huaqing Yu1
1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
National science review
|January 15, 2026
概括
碳酸盐电解质中的替代提高了离子电池的安全性和性能. 这一策略改善了石墨阳极和高压阴极的低温运行和稳定性.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 电化学 电化学 电化学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
背景情况:
- 离子电池 (LIB) 中的传统碳酸盐电解质提供了优良的石墨阳极稳定性,但由于易燃性和低温离子传输不佳,存在安全问题.
- 解决这些局限性对于为各种应用开发更安全,高性能LIB至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 引入碳酸盐基电解质的原子替代策略,以克服固有的安全性和性能挑战.
- 研究替代对界面反应,固体电解质界面 (SEI) 形成和燃烧终结的影响.
主要方法:
- 通过原子替代碳酸盐电解质的化学修饰.
- LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) 阴极和石墨 (Gr) 阳极的电化学表征.
- 在各种条件下对Gr/NCM811袋式电池的性能评估,包括低温和指甲透测试.
主要成果:
- 用替代的电解质证明NCM811阴极在高电压 (4.6V) 的稳定运行以及石墨阳极在低温性能优异 (在-20°C下保持91.9%的容量).
- 使用改性电解质的Gr/NCM811袋式电池在300个循环中保持了84.6%的容量,并通过了钉子穿透短路测试.
- 替代促进了界面反应,形成含有LiCl的保护性SEI,并减轻了燃烧风险.
结论:
- 原子替代是一种可行的策略,用于开发更安全,高能量密度的离子电池的先进电解质.
- 拟议的电解质具有广泛温度应用的巨大潜力,提高了安全性和运行稳定性.
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