来自美国的木和核桃树木的商品风险评估
EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority
|January 15, 2026
概括
一种新的真空蒸汽热处理方法有效地减轻了树和核桃树木中数千种癌症复杂害虫的风险. 然而,对于深度超过5厘米的害虫,如Arrhenodes minutus,它的有效性降低了.
科学领域:
- 植物卫生 植物卫生
- 植物卫生措施 植物卫生措施
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 欧盟委员会要求对美国提出的真空蒸汽热处理方法进行评估.
- 该治疗旨在防止Bretziella fagacearum,Geosmithia morbida和Pityophthorus juglandis (一千种癌症综合体) 进入欧盟.
- 树 (Quercus alba,Quercus rubra) 和核桃 (Juglans nigra) 树干与树皮是令人担忧的商品.
研究的目的:
- 评估拟议的真空蒸汽热处理作为独立的植物卫生措施的有效性.
- 评估欧盟检疫害虫在经过处理的日志中缺席的可能性.
- 为了识别可能无法通过处理有效控制的害虫.
主要方法:
- 该研究的重点是30分钟在真空和蒸汽下以5厘米的深度将木加热到56°C的有效性.
- 进行了系统的文献审查,以确定害虫生存温度和木材殖民深度.
- 专家知识诱导 (EKE) 用于估计处理的日志中无虫害的概率.
主要成果:
- 这种处理显著减少了树木中的害虫.
- 对于经过处理的木和核桃树木的无B. fagacearum,G. morbida和P. juglandis. 的存在,存在很高的确定性 (95%).
- 对像Arrhenodes minutus这样的害虫的有效性是有限的,这种害虫感染的木材距离变形树深5厘米以上.
结论:
- 真空蒸汽热处理是对与木和核桃树木相关的特定害虫的有希望的植物卫生措施.
- 对于具有更深层木材感染模式的害虫,需要进一步评估.
- 治疗的有效性取决于害虫的生物学和感染深度.
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