酒精和大麻的使用预测了日常生活中的影响-紧急相互作用
Jonas Dora1, Connor J McCabe1, Megan E Schultz1
1University of Washington.
概括
紧迫感,一种与冲动行为相关的特征,并没有显著缓解年轻成年人日常情绪和酒精或大麻使用之间的关系. 研究结果表明,情绪驱动的药物使用的简单模型可能更准确.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 成研究 研究成研究
背景情况:
- 紧迫性,其特点在于在情绪升高时采取冲动行动,理论上可以将情感和物质使用联系起来.
- 之前的生态瞬间评估 (EMA) 关于紧急情况在影响物质使用中的缓和作用的研究已经产生了不一致的结果.
- 了解情绪驱动的物质使用中的个人差异对于开发有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查特征和状态紧迫性是否能缓和年轻人日常情绪 (积极和消极) 与物质使用 (酒精和大麻) 之间的关联.
- 为了测试这种假设,即紧迫感放大了情绪状态和随后的物质消费之间的联系.
- 为正在进行的关于紧迫性在情感相关物质使用中的作用辩论提供有力的证据.
主要方法:
- 一份注册报告研究涉及496名年轻成年人 (18-22岁).
- 利用生态瞬间评估 (EMA),参与者每天五次完成调查,持续32天,共8个周末.
- 收集了关于日常影响,特征/状态紧迫性,酒精使用和大麻使用的数据.
主要成果:
- 积极影响与更高的酒精使用概率有关,而负面影响与酒精使用概率下降有关.
- 大麻使用与日常情绪的关联是最小的.
- 在特征和状态层面的紧迫性,显示了影响物质使用关联的微不足道的缓解,相互作用效应接近零.
结论:
- 该研究发现,很少有证据支持急迫性作为年轻成年人日常影响物质使用关联的调节者.
- 结果挑战了预测紧迫性在情感驱动的物质使用中发挥重要作用的理论模型.
- 更简单的模型直接关注影响物质使用关联,没有作为调节者的紧迫性,可以更好地解释当前的发现.
相关概念视频
01:24Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep
400
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
400
01:27CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine
1.0K
Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
1.0K
01:29The Influence of Cognition on Affect
187
Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be...
187
01:30Stress and Mental Health
770
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
770
01:28An Overview of Psychoactive Drugs
572
Psychoactive drugs impact brain function, influencing perception, mood, consciousness, cognition, and behavior. These substances are grouped based on their effects and the mechanisms by which they act.
Stimulants such as cocaine, amphetamines, and nicotine enhance brain activity, leading to increased alertness, attention, and energy. These drugs typically raise heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature. While they can induce feelings of euphoria, their misuse can result in severe health...
Stimulants such as cocaine, amphetamines, and nicotine enhance brain activity, leading to increased alertness, attention, and energy. These drugs typically raise heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature. While they can induce feelings of euphoria, their misuse can result in severe health...
572
01:08The Availability Heuristic
6.9K
A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems. Different types of heuristics are used in different types of situations, and the impulse to use a heuristic occurs when one of five conditions is met (Pratkanis, 1989):
6.9K