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一个古老的内脏大脑 - - Enterarchon
Bryon Silva1, Mael Lemoine2, Michael Rera3
1Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
Current opinion in neurobiology
|January 15, 2026
概括
古老的肠道神经系统,或Enterarchon,早于大脑,并调节平衡. 这种内脏大脑集成信号,挑战以大脑为中心的调节模型.
科学领域:
- 比较生理学比较生理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
背景情况:
- 胃肠道 (GI) 拥有内在和外在的神经回路,对消化,新陈代谢和恒常至关重要.
- 这些肠道嵌入式电路在不同的血统中并行进化,早于集中式大脑.
- 脊椎动物的肠神经系统 (ENS) 已被很好地绘制出来,而Drosophila则提供了细胞分辨率,可以将分子身份与功能联系起来.
研究的目的:
- 探索肠道神经系统的进化起源和调节作用.
- 挑战以大脑为中心的模型,提出肠道作为主要的平静调节器.
- 为了研究肠-ENS轴如何整合信号,并经历动态重塑.
主要方法:
- 从早期分离的动物到Drosophila和脊椎动物,对metazoans进行比较分析.
- 利用Drosophila模型进行高分辨率的细胞和功能研究.
- 整合了关于肠-ENS轴的神经元,上皮和免疫组件的数据.
主要成果:
- 在集中的大脑之前,肠内嵌电路很早就进化了,协调了运动和分泌.
- 肠-ENS轴集成了内分泌和免疫信号.
- 肠道经历了性,生殖和衰老影响的重塑.
结论:
- 肠道,通过其集成的组件,功能作为一个"Enterarchon" - - 一个古老的内脏大脑.
- 这种Enterarchon在塑造生物的平衡中发挥着根本性的作用.
- 建议以肠为中心的观点来补充或挑战系统调节的传统以大脑为中心的模型.
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