发酵和非发酵 Pickles 调节肠道微生物群在老年人与缺食症:一个试点交叉研究
Tatsuya Mayama1, Kazuharu Nakagawa1, Yusuke Ogata2
1Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Division of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
Clinical nutrition ESPEN
|January 15, 2026
概括
对于老年人来说,不发酵和发酵的适合失消的酸菜是安全的. 消费导致了特定的肠道细菌变化而不影响整体多样性,这表明对肠道健康的潜在益处.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 缺食症在老年人中很普遍,导致饮食限制并影响生活质量.
- 纹理修改的食物,如菜,经常被食障碍患者避免.
- 非发酵,质地修改食品对肠道微生物群的影响在很大程度上仍未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究与消费消化不良适应的非发酵与发酵相关的肠道微生物群变化.
- 评估纹理修饰的可行性和安全性,用于患有食不适症的老年人.
- 探索肠道微生物组成的分类级变化.
主要方法:
- 一项试点,单盲,2x2交叉研究,涉及老年人患有缺食症的风险.
- 参与者食用非发酵或发酵的,有2周的洗期.
- 通过16S rRNA基因测序分析肠道微生物组成,重点关注特定种群的多样性和相对丰富性.
主要成果:
- 没有观察到总体α多样性或β多样性的显著变化.
- 非发酵的增加了包括Bifidobacterium在内的Actinobacteriota的丰富性.
- 发酵增加了短链脂肪酸相关的种群的丰富性,例如Eubacterium coprostanoligenes群和Marvinbryantia.
结论:
- 质地修改和发酵的是安全的,并可供老年人消费.
- 在不改变全球多样性的情况下,菜消费诱导了适度的,分类特定的肠道微生物转移.
- 研究结果表明,对肠道健康有潜在的益处,因此需要在更大规模的试验中进一步调查.
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