针对患有抑郁焦虑谱障碍的成年人的人工智能启用个性化治疗计划的随机证据:系统性审查和元分析
1İnönü University, Faculty of Nursing, Malatya, Türkiye.
Journal of affective disorders
|January 15, 2026
概括
人工智能支持的个性化治疗规划显示出减轻抑郁症症状的前景,特别是在面向患者的聊天机器人中. 然而,它对焦虑的有效性和像大型语言模型这样的新人工智能的影响需要进一步调查.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 临床决策支持系统 临床决策支持系统
- 个性化医疗是个性化的医疗.
背景情况:
- 支持人工智能的个性化治疗规划旨在通过量身定制护理来改善患者的治疗结果.
- 人工智能在不同治疗方式的临床影响仍然不确定.
研究的目的:
- 与对照条件相比,系统评估人工智能支持的个性化治疗计划的有效性.
- 评估AI对症状严重程度的连续和二分法测量的影响.
主要方法:
- 进行了随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统审查和元分析.
- 搜索了五个RCT数据库,将人工智能支持的个性化规划 (包括自适应式聊天机器人,临床医生面临的CDSS/分层护理和个性化治疗规则 (ITRs)) 与对照组进行比较.
- 主要结局是持续的症状严重程度 (Hedges' g),同时也分析了二分法反应/缓解.
主要成果:
- 人工智能支持的个性化显著减少了抑郁症状 (g = -0.35),但没有减少焦虑症状 (g = -0.08).
- 绝对结果有利于人工智能,赔率比率约为1.42.
- 对临床医生面临的CDSS和潜在的ITR指导分配的证据仍然有限,大多数试验都是在大型语言模型 (LLM) 之前的.
结论:
- 面向患者的聊天机器人显示出作为抑郁症的辅助药物的有效性,但不是焦虑症.
- 面向临床医生的ITR显示了治疗匹配的潜力,但需要进一步的前性验证.
- 未来的研究应侧重于未来的以模型为指导的分配,积极控制,更长的后续期,以及LLMs的影响.
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