心脏病专家和降脂饮食补充剂之间的复杂关系:恨还是爱?
Arrigo F G Cicero1, Alberto Corsini2
1Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Italy; Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Heart, Chest and Vascular Department, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
|January 15, 2026
概括
欧洲心脏病学会的指导方针可能会阻止营养药,但证据支持特定的降脂补充剂. 临床医生应优先考虑基于证据的选择,并改变心血管风险管理的生活方式.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 最近欧洲心脏病学会 (ESC) 和欧洲动脉样硬化学会 (EAS) 的指导方针涉及降脂饮食补充剂.
- 一份声明不鼓励补充缺乏安全性和LDL胆固醇降低功效的补充剂,导致误解为全面禁止营养药.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地分析ESC/EAS指南更新关于降脂营养保健品.
- 澄清特定补充剂的证据基础及其在心血管疾病风险管理中的作用.
主要方法:
- 审查 ESC/EAS 2025 失脂症管理指南的更新.
- 对推类 (C类) 的分析及其影响.
- 影响因素的评估,如EFSA的意见和特定试验 (例如,SPORT试验).
- 对记录良好的营养保健品的证据评估未在更新中解决.
主要成果:
- 该指南关于补充剂的声明是基于专家意见 (C类),而不是强有力的证据.
- 误解是由于对红酵母大米和SPORT试验的担忧而引起的.
- 几种有效和安全的营养药 (植物固醇,柏柏林等) 被元分析支持,但被遗漏.
- 更新并没有取消基于证据的营养保健品.
结论:
- 临床医生应推基于证据的营养保健品,其安全性和有效性已得到证实.
- 营养药可以作为低风险个体的生活方式干预的辅助剂.
- 鼓励进一步的研究和对准则的细微解释,以获得最佳的患者护理.
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