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生物入侵及其在摩洛哥潜在的经济成本
Jazila El Jamaai1, Ahmed Taheri2, Liliana Ballesteros-Mejia3
1Laboratory of Ecology, Systematics and Biodiversity Conservation (LESCB), CNRST-Labeled Research Unit No. 18, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco. jazila.eljamaai@etu.uae.ac.ma.
Scientific reports
|January 15, 2026
概括
生物入侵每年造成摩洛哥数十亿美元的损失,损害远远超过了管理费用. 迫切需要研究和政策来应对对生物多样性和经济日益增长的威胁.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境经济学环境经济学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 生物入侵对全球经济造成重大负担,全球南方许多国家的成本数据有限,特别是在非洲.
- 评估外来入侵物种 (IAS) 的经济影响对于为保护战略和政策制定提供信息至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 提供第一个全面的生物入侵在摩洛哥的经济成本评估.
- 确定最具影响力的入侵物种及其相关的经济损害.
- 突出需要有针对性的管理和政策干预.
主要方法:
- 在摩洛哥发现了343种外来入侵物种.
- 使用InvaCost数据库对137种物种的成本估计.
- 使用世界银行购买力平价和科气候区域的成本数据的社会经济和气候调整.
- 根据摩洛哥的物种流行情况来推算成本.
主要成果:
- 据估计,生物入侵在摩洛哥的年度经济影响在114亿美元至513亿美元之间.
- 损害成本总是比管理成本高出一个到两个数量级.
- 主要的入侵物种包括植物食者 (Phenacoccus madeirensi,Bemisia tabacci,Cydia pomonella),疾病载体 (Aedes albopictus),害虫 (Rattus norvegicus) 和入侵植物 (Euphorbia,Cenchrus).
- 影响涵盖农业,粮食安全,公共卫生,社会福利和渔业.
结论:
- 生物入侵给摩洛哥带来了巨大的经济成本,需要立即关注.
- 损害成本明显超过管理支出,表明需要更有效的预防和控制策略.
- 有针对性的研究,政策干预和国际合作对于减轻入侵物种在摩洛哥造成的经济和生态后果至关重要.
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