数字双胞胎支持轻度认知障碍的跨模式和跨中心分类
Lorenzo Gaetano Amato1,2, Roberta Minino3, Michael Lassi1,2
1The BioRobotics Institute, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pontedera, Italy.
Communications medicine
|January 15, 2026
概括
数字生物标志物克服了痴呆症诊断的神经记录的变化. 这种计算方法使轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 和健康个体的准确交叉中心分类成为可能,提高了诊断能力.
科学领域:
- 计算神经科学是一种计算神经科学.
- 发现生物标志物的发现.
- 神经退行性疾病诊断神经退行性疾病诊断
背景情况:
- 神经记录对于了解痴呆症进展至关重要,但受到交叉中心变异性的影响,限制了临床应用.
- 现有的记录技术和范式阻碍了神经数据的概括性和诊断能力.
- 需要一种计算方法来实现跨中心分类,尽管临床管道多样化.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证使用数字生物标志物的计算方法,用于神经退行性疾病的跨中心分类.
- 评估数字生物标志物在不同记录方式 (EEG,MEG) 和临床场所的普遍性.
- 将数字生物标志物的性能与用于轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 检测的标准生物标志物的性能进行比较.
主要方法:
- 采用数字双胞胎模型来推导数字生物标志物,将神经退行与神经活动改变联系起来.
- 对MCI和健康受试者进行了交叉中心分类,使用了两种独立的数据集,采用了不同的技术.
- 转移学习被用来测试数字生物标志物在诊所和模式之间的通用性.
主要成果:
- 数字生物标志物在MCI与健康分类中的标准生物标志物表现明显优于标准生物标志物 (例如,EEG的83%与58%).
- 通过数字生物标志物 (77-78%准确度) 实现了准确和一致的跨中心分类,而不是标准生物标志物 (56-65%).
- 数字生物标志物可靠地预测了全诊所的全球认知状态 (p < 0.01),而标准生物标志物显示没有相关性.
结论:
- 数字生物标志物在记录技术和数据集中展示了普遍性,使跨模式和跨中心分类成为可能.
- 这些生物标志物通过将神经异常映射到结构变化,提供了对患者特异神经退行症的可靠衡量标准.
- 这种方法即使在高的中心间变异性下也适用,支持其在各种临床环境中使用.
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