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在美国和美国领土上的鹿类中出现SARS-CoV-2的发生情况

Sarah N Bevins¹, Richard B Chipman², Scott F Beckerman³

¹USDA/APHIS/WS National Wildlife Disease Program, Fort Collins, USA. sarah.n.bevins@usda.gov.

Scientific reports

|January 16, 2026

概括

在美国的鹿种群中检测到SARS-CoV-2,这表明病毒从人类传播到野生动物. 持续的监测对于了解动物和人类健康的不断变化的风险至关重要.

科学领域:

兽医病毒学兽医病毒学
野生动物疾病生态学野生动物疾病生态学
动物传染病研究研究

背景情况:

SARS-CoV-2 的出现引发了人们对其感染和在野生动物群体中传播的潜力的担忧.
鹿类 (鹿家族) 代表了对SARS-CoV-2敏感的宿主群体,这对病毒进化和公共卫生有影响.

研究的目的:

调查美国鹿类种群中SARS-CoV-2的流行率和遗传多样性.
分析病毒和抗体患病率的时间趋势,并确定鹿类动物中循环的SARS-CoV-2变体.
评估SARS-CoV-2在人类和鹿类之间传播的风险.

主要方法:

从2021年10月到2023年10月,对美国各地鹿类的SARS-CoV-2监测数据进行了回顾性分析.
在来自各种鹿类物种的生物样本中检测病毒RNA和中和抗体.
基因组测序以识别SARS-CoV-2变种和遗传学分析.

主要成果:

在研究期间,在美国各地的多种鹿类物种中证实了SARS-CoV-2.
观察到大量病毒从人类群体传播到鹿类动物的证据.
记录了病毒和抗体患病率的时间变化,以及鹿类特有的病毒变异的出现.
鹿类的循环变异不同于主要在人类群体中发现的变异.

结论:

这些发现证实了美国鹿类种群中正在进行的SARS-CoV-2传播周期.
持续监测对于了解流行变化的驱动因素及其对野生动物和人类健康风险的影响至关重要.
该研究强调了动物传染性传播的动态性质以及跨物种疾病监测的重要性.

关键词:

这就是SARS-CoV-2病毒.溢出影响溢出影响野生动物野生动物

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