不同的运动干预措施对2型糖尿病患者的整体认知功能的影响:系统性审查和网络元分析
Ming Gao1, Zhiyuan Sun1,2, Deiwei Mao2
1Shandong Sport university, 10600 Century Avenue, Jinan, Shandong, 250102, China.
BMC public health
|January 16, 2026
概括
多式运动 (ME) 是改善2型糖尿病患者认知功能最有效的干预措施. 有氧运动 (AE) 和心身运动 (MBE) 也显示出好处,突出了定制炼计划的必要性.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 运动医学 运动医学
背景情况:
- 全球2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 的流行率不断上升.
- T2DM显著增加了认知障碍和痴呆症的风险.
- 众所周知,运动可以改善T2DM的认知功能,但对不同模式的比较是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 进行网络元分析,评估不同运动方式对T2DM患者的整体认知功能的影响.
- 为了比较多式运动 (ME),有氧运动 (AE),心身运动 (MBE) 和抵抗运动 (RE) 的疗效.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (PubMed,Embase,Web of Science等) 中进行系统搜索. 在2025年10月之前.
- 包括随机对照试验 (RCT),评估T2DM患者的运动干预措施.
- 使用随机效应模型和通过SUCRA值对治疗的排名,对标准化平均差异 (SMD) 的聚合分析.
- 基于认知评估工具,干预时间和培训频率的子组分析.
主要成果:
- 分析了21个带有2,118名参与者的RCT.
- 与通常护理相比,ME (SMD=1.04),AE (SMD=0.85) 和MBE (SMD=0.93) 显著改善了整体认知功能.
- RE (SMD=0.46) 没有显著的影响.
- 苏克拉排名:ME (78.1%) >MBE (69.0%) >AE (61.5%) >RE (36.6%). 苏克拉的排名是:ME (78.1%) >MBE (69.0%) >AE (61.5%) >RE (36.6%). 苏克拉的排名是:ME (78.1%) >MBE (69.0%) >AE (61.5%) >RE (36.6%). 苏克拉的排名是:ME (78.1%) >MBE (69.0%) >AE (61.5%) >RE (36.6%).
- ME在MoCA和长期 (>3个月) 干预中最有效;MBE和AE在MMSE和短期 (≤3个月) 干预中更有效.
- 在较高的运动频率 (≤3次/周) 中,ME仍然有效,而AE和MBE在较低的频率中是有效的.
结论:
- 多模式运动 (ME) 是增强T2DM患者全球认知功能的最有效干预措施.
- 心与身体运动 (MBE) 和有氧运动 (AE) 也提供了显著的认知益处.
- 临床实践应包括根据患者个体特征量身定制运动干预措施,以获得最佳的认知结果.
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