中国新护士的过渡冲击:系统审查和元分析
Jiexuan Xu1, Jianqin Huang2, Yu Zhai3
1Nursing Administration Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China, gzhmc.edu.cn.
Journal of nursing management
|January 16, 2026
概括
中国的新护士经历了严重的过渡冲击,受到个人和工作因素的影响. 解决这些问题对于保留护士和提高护理质量至关重要.
科学领域:
- 护理研究 护理研究
- 医疗保健劳动力研究 劳动力研究
- 职业心理学 职业心理学
背景情况:
- 中国的新护士面临着相当大的过渡冲击,增加了倦怠和营业额风险.
- 系统分析对于了解这一现象的现状和影响因素至关重要.
- 提高新护士的福利是稳定护理劳动力的关键.
研究的目的:
- 调查中国新毕业护士中过渡性冲击的流行情况和影响因素.
主要方法:
- 在中国和国际数据库中进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 包括30项涉及12459名中国新护士的研究.
- 使用Stata 17.0和RevMan 5.3软件进行了元分析.
主要成果:
- 整体过渡冲击得分为93.08 (95% CI: 87.28-98.89),表明中度至高水平.
- 确定了20个影响因素,分为个人 (如性别,出身,职业身份) 和外部 (如就业类型,收入,工作时间,支持) 的类别.
- 关键因素包括女性性别,非本地出身,低学历,对该部门缺乏兴趣,职业认同低,弹性差,寻求反不频繁,服务长短,非标准就业,低收入,过度夜班和家庭/社会支持不足.
结论:
- 在中国的新护士中,过渡性冲击处于中高水平.
- 多种个人和工作相关因素显著影响这种过渡冲击.
- 建议护理经理进行有针对性的干预,以减轻冲击,提高职业满意度,提高护理服务质量.
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