框架包括人工智能在医疗保健中的交叉视角. 范围审查 范围审查
Sua Amaya-Santos1,2,3, Carlos Vargas4, Clara Bermúdez-Tamayo1,2,5
1Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
Public health in practice (Oxford, England)
|January 16, 2026
概括
医疗保健中现有的AI框架对交叉偏见的关注程度不均,特别是对代表性不足的群体. 需要采取可行的策略来提高AI开发和部署中的公平性和包容性.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健人工智能的人工智能
- 算法偏见是一种算法偏见.
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 框架越来越多地用于医疗保健.
- 现有的AI框架可能会延续或引入偏见,影响健康公平.
- 解决整个AI生命周期的交叉偏见对于负责任的AI实施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估医疗保健中的AI框架如何解决交叉偏见.
- 探索针对已识别的偏见提出的缓解策略.
- 在整个AI生命周期中绘制偏见挑战和解决方案.
主要方法:
- 根据PRISMA-ScR指南进行了全面的范围审查.
- 搜索涵盖了2014-2024年的主要数据库 (MEDLINE,PubMed,EMBASE,SCOPUS,IEEE Xplore,谷歌学者) 的搜索.
- 数据提取侧重于偏见类型,缓解策略和AI生命周期阶段,研究按包容性排名.
主要成果:
- 在43项纳入的研究中,性别/性别和种族/种族是最受关注的偏见维度,而残疾和公民身份是最不关注的.
- 包括性水平各不相同,48.8%的研究被归类为高.
- 在人工智能开发,验证,实施和监测方面,确定了14种不同的偏见和21种缓解策略.
结论:
- 在解决医疗保健人工智能的交叉偏见方面仍然存在重大差距,特别是在边缘化人口中.
- 虽然一些框架显示了包容性努力,但对交叉性的关注是不一致的.
- 将偏见映射到人工智能生命周期中提供了提高公平性和指导负责任的人工智能发展的策略.
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