活跃成年人营养缺口的性别差异
Grant M Tinsley1, Marleigh Hefner2, Philip Sapp3
1Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
Journal of nutritional science
|January 16, 2026
概括
运动成年人,特别是女性,显示营养缺陷,常见的维生素C,D和E消耗不足.未来的研究应该探索改善微量营养素摄入量和健康结果的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
背景情况:
- 营养差,定义为建议和实际摄入量之间的差异,通常使用估计平均需求 (EAR) 进行评估.
- 虽然在一般人群中记录了营养缺陷,但在运动的成年人中,营养缺陷的患病率仍未得到充分研究.
- 了解这些差距对于优化身体活跃个体的健康和表现至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查健康的运动成年人营养缺陷的存在和程度.
- 确定特定的维生素和矿物质,这些人群通常消耗不足.
- 检查运动成年人营养摄入量的潜在基于性别的差异.
主要方法:
- 通过自动自主24小时 (ASA24®) 饮食评估工具,利用了226名健康运动成年人 (154名女性,72名男性) 的681个饮食回忆.
- 将17种维生素和矿物质的摄入量与各自的EAR值进行比较,以确定营养差距.
- 对绝对和相对微量营养素摄入量的性别差异分析数据.
主要成果:
- 平均维生素D摄入量在两种性别都低于EAR;平均维生素E摄入量仅在女性中低于EAR.
- 超过50%的女性参与者摄入低于EAR的,叶酸,,维生素A,C,D和E.
- 超过50%的男性参与者摄入维生素C,D和E的摄入量低于EAR;在17种微量营养素中的16种中观察到显著的性别差异,女性摄入量较低.
结论:
- 运动的成年人,特别是女性,表现出几个关键微量营养素的消耗不足.
- 在这个活跃人口中,微量营养素摄入模式存在显著的性别差异.
- 对有针对性的干预措施进行进一步的研究是有必要的,以提高维生素和矿物质的摄入量,从而有可能改善运动成年人的健康和表现.
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