关于补充多可萨赫萨酸的可容忍上摄入量水平的科学意见
EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority
|January 16, 2026
概括
补充多可萨赫萨酸 (DHA) 的安全摄入水平仍然为所有年龄段的人每天1克. 这一建议是基于对研究的审查,没有观察到任何不良影响,直到这个摄入水平单独DHA.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 食品安全 食品安全
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 欧盟委员会要求对补充多可萨赫萨酸 (DHA) 的安全摄入水平进行审查.
- 之前的DHA安全摄入水平是在2012年确定的.
- 多可萨赫萨酸 (DHA) 是一种欧米茄-3脂肪酸,对各种身体功能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 根据系统的文献审查,修订补充多可萨赫萨酸 (DHA) 的安全摄入水平.
- 为了确定与补充DHA摄入相关的潜在不良影响.
- 在所有人口群体中建立DHA的安全摄入水平.
主要方法:
- 对人类干预研究的系统性文献评论,其中至少8周内单独给予补充DHA (EPA/DHA比率<0.3).
- 危险识别侧重于出血,葡萄糖平衡,脂质谱,免疫功能,怀孕和一般安全.
- 自发出血的风险被确定为确定安全摄入水平的关键影响.
主要成果:
- 由于剂量反应数据不足,无法确定单独补充DHA的上限 (UL).
- 导出了一个安全的摄入水平,定义为没有观察到不良影响的最高摄入水平.
- 对于所有人口群体来说,单独补充DHA的先前确定的安全摄入水平为1g/天.
结论:
- 仅补充多可萨赫萨酸 (DHA) 的安全摄入水平在所有人群中保持在1克/天,包括婴儿,儿童,青少年,成年人和孕妇/哺乳期妇女.
- 这个安全水平适用于来自各种来源和化学形式的DHA,当EPA/DHA比率小于0.3.3时.
- 可能需要进一步的研究来确定正式的UL的剂量反应关系.
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